Ethanol Adsorption, Decomposition and Oxidation on Ir(111): A High Resolution XPS Study

Abstract

Ethanol (C(2)H(5)OH) adsorption, decomposition and oxidation is studied on Ir(111) using high-energy resolution, fast XPS and temperature-programmed desorption. During heating of an adsorbed ethanol layer a part of the C(2)H(5)OH(ad) desorbs molecularly, and another part remains on the surface and decomposes around 200 K; these two decomposition pathways are identified, as via acetyl (H(3)C--C=O) and via CO(ad)+CH(3ad), respectively. Acetyl and CH(3ad) decompose around 300 K into CH(ad) (and CO(ad)). CH(ad) decomposes forming C(x) and H(2) around 520 K. In the presence of O(ad) an acetate intermediate is formed around 180 K, as well as a small amount of CH(3ad) and CO(ad). Acetate decomposes between 400-480 K into CO(2), H(2)(/H(2)O) and CH(ad).

Effects of Music Listening on Cortisol Levels and Propofol Consumption during Spinal Anesthesia

“…However, three mechanisms appear to be likely: First, up-regulation of activity within the mesolimbic dopaminergic system by the music (particularly by virtue of increased activity within the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens; Blood and Zatorre, 2001; Menon and Levitin, 2005; Koelsch et al, 2006a) with corresponding effects on the reactivity to stress and pain (Pani et al, 2000; Jääskeläinen et al, 2001). Second, down-regulation of activity of the central nucleus of the amygdala by the music (Blood and Zatorre, 2001; Koelsch et al, 2006a, 2008) with down-regulatory effects on (a) levels of fear and worries (LeDoux, 2000; Vollert et al, 2003), and (b) on activity of hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei involved in the generation of the endocrine (HPA-axis) and vegetative stress responses (Nieuwenhuys et al, 2007; such stress-related effects might also include modulations of beta-endorphin levels, McKinney et al, 1997b; Gerra et al, 1998; Vollert et al, 2003). Third, because musical information consumes cognitive (including attentional) resources (e.g., Koelsch and Siebel, 2005), participants of the music group might also have been more distracted from fearful and worrying thoughts, and from the perception of the surgical procedures (compared to participants of the control group).…”

Chemistry of Ethylene Glycol on a Rh(100) Single‐Crystal Surface

“…Several surface science studies on the reaction and decomposition of the related single alcohol ethanol on group VIII metals are available, for example Ni, [2][3][4][5] Pd, [6][7][8][9] Ir, [10] Pt, [4,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and Rh, [18][19][20][21] but research on ethylene glycol is scarce (e.g., Ni, [22] Pt, [4,16,17] and Rh [23] ). The surface chemistry of ethanol provides insight into what may be expected for ethylene glycol.…”

The adsorption and desorption of ethanol ices from a model grain surface

“…On transition metal surfaces, ethanol has been the subject of numerous studies, 19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] mainly due to the potential of ethanol as an alternative fuel source. Studies have been conducted on Pt, [22][23][24] Cu, 19,25 Rh, 26,27 Pd, 28 Ni, 29 and Ir ͑Ref.…”

“…30͒ single crystal surfaces. Ethanol is observed to adsorb molecularly at low temperature [22][23][24]26,[28][29][30] bonding to the substrate via the O atom 24,26 ͑or both O and H moieties 29 ͒ with the O-H bond almost parallel to the surface. Desorption channels and decomposition pathways are dependent on the metal surface.…”