Molecular, antibiogram and serological typing of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates recovered from Al‐Makased hospital in East Jerusalem

Essawi, Tamer; Nawas, Tarek; Hawwari, Abbas; Wadi, Suzan; Doudin, Anwar; Fattom, Ali

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00265.x

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Among the 11 reported serotypes, capsule types 5 and 8 (microcapsule producers) comprise the vast majority (75 to 94%) of clinical isolates (2,44,115). The capsule of these two serotypes is much smaller than the capsule of other serotypes of S. aureus (such as capsule type 1) or pathogenic species such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.…”

Section: Nongonococcal Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Septic Arthritis

2002

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Acute septic arthritis may develop as a result of hematogenous seeding, direct introduction, or extension from a contiguous focus of infection. The pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis is multifactorial and depends on the interaction of the host immune response and the adherence factors, toxins, and immunoavoidance strategies of the invading pathogen. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus aureus are used in discussing the host-pathogen interaction in the pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis. While diagnosis rests on isolation of the bacterial species from synovial fluid samples, patient history, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and imaging studies are also important. Acute nongonococcal septic arthritis is a medical emergency that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prompt recognition, rapid and aggressive antimicrobial therapy, and surgical treatment are critical to ensuring a good prognosis. Even with prompt diagnosis and treatment, high mortality and morbidity rates still occur. In contrast, gonococcal arthritis is often successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone and demonstrates a very low rate of complications and an excellent prognosis for full return of normal joint function. In the case of prosthetic joint infections, the hardware must be eventually removed by a two-stage revision in order to cure the infection

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Section: Nongonococcal Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Septic Arthritis

2002

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“…One approach to preventing the emergence of resistant S. aureus strains is prevention of infection through active and passive immunization of susceptible hosts. Vaccination with S. aureus capsular polysaccharides 5 and 8, which account for up to 90% of infections (128,295), has proven efficacious in adults (434), and hyperimmune intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) preparations against staphylococcal surface proteins are under investigation for use in VLBW infants.…”

Section: Gram-positive Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2004

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Twenty percent of very-low-birth-weight (<1500 g) preterm infants experience a serious systemic infection, and despite advances in neonatal intensive care and antimicrobials, mortality is as much as threefold higher for these infants who develop sepsis than their counterparts without sepsis during their hospitalization. Outcomes may be improved by preventative strategies, earlier and accurate diagnosis, and adjunct therapies to combat infection and protect the vulnerable preterm infant during an infection. Earlier diagnosis on the basis of factors such as abnormal heart rate characteristics may offer the ability to initiate treatment prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Molecular and adjunctive diagnostics may also aid in diagnosing invasive infection when clinical symptoms indicate infection but no organisms are isolated in culture. Due to the high morbidity and mortality, preventative and adjunctive therapies are needed. Prophylaxis has been effective in preventing early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis and late-onset Candida sepsis. Future research in prophylaxis using active and passive immunization strategies offers prevention without the risk of resistance to antimicrobials. Identification of the differences in neonatal intensive care units with low and high infection rates and implementation of infection control measures remain paramount in each neonatal intensive care unit caring for preterm infants

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“…2,4 Eleven capsular polysaccharide types exist, but T5 and T8 account for w85% of isolates from infections. [5][6][7][8][9][10] The polysaccharides serve as virulence factors and protective antigens in several animal models. 2,4 A capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine was shown in a phase III clinical trial to protect humans; it was 60% effective at decreasing bacteraemic S. aureus infection in haemodialysis patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%