Molecular and Serological Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus in Native Chickens from Selected Live Bird Markets in Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

| At present, little information is known about the distribution of Newcastle disease virus(NDV) in live bird markets (LBMs) in the Philippines. Serological and molecular detection of NDVs in native chickens from different LBM in the Philippines were performed. Results showed that out of 49 sera tested, 48 (97.96%) were positive for NDV with hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers ranging from 2 2 to 2 9 and geometric mean titer of 2 6.62 .Except for respiratory signs, minor physical injuries and non-specific lesions, all native chickens did not show clinical signs of ND at the time of examination. Nested RT-PCR was performed on 76 oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples and 49 pooled tissue samples. All results were negative for NDV. The unusually high HI antibody titers against NDV and the negative nested RT-PCR results may suggests that the examined birds may have been previously exposed to virulent NDVs but may have already recovered from clinical disease. Regular monitoring through disease surveillance and physical inspection of LBMs in the country should be regularly implemented to decrease the risk of transmitting NDV to the commercial poultry industry and prevent any future ND outbreak in the Philippines.

Study on Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Newcastle Disease in Smallholder Poultry Farms in Sodo Zuria District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…The findings of the current study showed discrepancy with the findings which reported lower seroprevalence of NCD from two local government areas of Ido (11.70%) and Atiba (15.43%) of Nigeria [ 21 ], from Alamata district of Tigray region 26.2% (76/214) reported by [ 25 ], from Trinidad, West Indias 10% (CI 95%: 4–23%) reported by [ 26 ] and the finding of [ 10 ] 33.8% (CI: 12.8–38.6%) in Oman. As compared to our study, higher seroprevalences were reported from Batangas, Philippines, by [ 27 ] 97.96% (48/49), 79.8% (CI 95%: 70.6–86.9%) in Trinidad, and 80.5% (CI 95%: 70.1–88.5%) in Tobago by [ 26 ], from Algeria 82.69% by [ 28 ] and from north Gonder (79.6%) by [ 29 ].…”

Pathotyping and Genetic Characterization of a Highly Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from Recent Outbreak in District Okara, Pakistan

“…Host species include virtually all the wild as well as domestic birds including game birds, commercial and backyard poultry (Susta et al, 2011). Rural poultry plays significant role in transmission of circulating NDV whereas transboundary transmission is mainly attributed to activity of the migratory birds (Resplandor and Umali, 2018).…”