Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis

Abstract

One of the many complications of endocrine disease such as diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. As a rule, the severity of retinopathy depends on the duration of diabetes mellitus, blood glucose concentration and blood pressure level. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of genetic factors on the risk of diabetic retinopathy and to improve the prognosis of this pathology using mathematical modeling. A total of 475 patients participated in the study. The authors of the study concluded that the polymorphic loci of VEGF rs2010963, AKR1B1 rs759853, ITGA2 rs2910964, ADRB3 rs4994, APOE rs7412, APOE 429358 genes, considered independently of each other, were not associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy in the studied group of type II diabetic patients. However, consideration of complex interallelic interactions of VEGF, AKR1B1 and APOE genes allows us to identify unfavorable combinations of genotypes. Diabetes mellitus and glycemia history increase the likelihood of diabetic retinopathy. The proposed combination of genes in combination with biochemical indices increases the prognostic significance of the developed test system.