Molecular analysis of the prevalent microbiota of human male and female forehead skin compared to forearm skin and the influence of make-up

Staudinger, T.; Pipal, Alexandra; Redl, Bernhard

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04991.x

Cited by 96 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Subject sex, handedness, and time since last hand washing also appear to affect bacterial community composition (Fierer et al 2008). A subsequent study confirmed the differences in community composition between sexes when investigating the forearm, but found little influence of sex on forehead community composition, thereby supporting early observations of variability among anatomical regions (Staudinger et al 2011).…”

Section: Dawning Of the Molecular Microbiology Eramentioning

confidence: 62%

Microbial Ecology of the Skin in the Era of Metagenomics and Molecular Microbiology

Hannigan

Grice

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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The skin is the primary physical barrier between the body and the external environment and is also a substrate for the colonization of numerous microbes. Previously, dermatological microbiology research was dominated by culture-based techniques, but significant advances in genomic technologies have enabled the development of less-biased, cultureindependent approaches to characterize skin microbial communities. These molecular microbiology approaches illustrate the great diversity of microbiota colonizing the skin and highlight unique features such as site specificity, temporal dynamics, and interpersonal variation. Disruptions in skin commensal microbiota are associated with the progression of many dermatological diseases. A greater understanding of how skin microbes interact with each other and with their host, and how we can therapeutically manipulate those interactions, will provide powerful tools for treating and preventing dermatological disease.

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Section: Dawning Of the Molecular Microbiology Eramentioning

confidence: 62%

Microbial Ecology of the Skin in the Era of Metagenomics and Molecular Microbiology

Hannigan

Grice

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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“…Sex-specific differences previously have been observed in the bacterial biota of human hand surfaces (Staudinger et al, 2011), the forearm (Fierer et al, 2008), the gut (Mueller et al, 2006;Li et al, 2008) and the subgingival crevice (Slots et al, 1990;Schenkein et al, 1993;Umeda et al, 1998;Kumar 2013). Oral bacteria have been observed to change with periods of major hormonal fluctuations, such as puberty or pregnancy, and the hormonal changes may have a causative role in this observation of diversion of microorganisms by sex (Kumar, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viruses have the potential to eradicate certain cellular hosts or to provide them with beneficial gene functions such as beta lactamases ( Figure 1); thus, human oral viruses may help to shape the natural history of oral microbiome membership. The sex specificity we identified in oral viruses suggests that viral communities respond to the same potentially hormone-driven signals that govern the sex specificity also found in bacterial communities on the skin (Fierer et al, 2008;Staudinger et al, 2011), gut (Mueller et al, 2006;Li et al, 2008) and the oral cavity (Slots et al, 1990;Umeda et al, 1998). Understanding the impact of environment and genetics on human microbiota may be critical to the evaluation of disease processes such as chronic periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human oral viruses are personal, persistent and gender-consistent

et al. 2014

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Viruses are the most abundant members of the human oral microbiome, yet relatively little is known about their biodiversity in humans. To improve our understanding of the DNA viruses that inhabit the human oral cavity, we examined saliva from a cohort of eight unrelated subjects over a 60-day period. Each subject was examined at 11 time points to characterize longitudinal differences in human oral viruses. Our primary goals were to determine whether oral viruses were specific to individuals and whether viral genotypes persisted over time. We found a subset of homologous viral genotypes across all subjects and time points studied, suggesting that certain genotypes may be ubiquitous among healthy human subjects. We also found significant associations between viral genotypes and individual subjects, indicating that viruses are a highly personalized feature of the healthy human oral microbiome. Many of these oral viruses were not transient members of the oral ecosystem, as demonstrated by the persistence of certain viruses throughout the entire 60-day study period. As has previously been demonstrated for bacteria and fungi, membership in the oral viral community was significantly associated with the sex of each subject. Similar characteristics of personalized, sex-specific microflora could not be identified for oral bacterial communities based on 16S rRNA. Our findings that many viruses are stable and individual-specific members of the oral ecosystem suggest that viruses have an important role in the human oral ecosystem.

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“…The stratum corneum (SC), the outer layer of the epidermis, is the most exposed organ of the human body and is composed of molecules derived from our own skin cells, our microbiota, and the environment (1). In addition, it may be possible that personal hygiene products, the clothing we wear, and the food we eat can affect the chemical composition of the skin (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cartography of the human skin surface in 3D

Bouslimani

Porto

Rath

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

304

316

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The human skin is an organ with a surface area of 1.5-2 m 2 that provides our interface with the environment. The molecular composition of this organ is derived from host cells, microbiota, and external molecules. The chemical makeup of the skin surface is largely undefined. Here we advance the technologies needed to explore the topographical distribution of skin molecules, using 3D mapping of mass spectrometry data and microbial 16S rRNA amplicon sequences. Our 3D maps reveal that the molecular composition of skin has diverse distributions and that the composition is defined not only by skin cells and microbes but also by our daily routines, including the application of hygiene products. The technological development of these maps lays a foundation for studying the spatial relationships of human skin with hygiene, the microbiota, and environment, with potential for developing predictive models of skin phenotypes tailored to individual health.human skin | 3D mapping | mass spectrometry | 16S rRNA T he skin provides the interface between our internal molecular processes and the external environment. The stratum corneum (SC), the outer layer of the epidermis, is the most exposed organ of the human body and is composed of molecules derived from our own skin cells, our microbiota, and the environment (1). In addition, it may be possible that personal hygiene products, the clothing we wear, and the food we eat can affect the chemical composition of the skin (2, 3). The chemical environment of the skin is also critical for the development of microbial communities, yet there are no systematic workflows that can be used to correlate skin chemistry and microbes. Human skin microbiome inventories are changing our views of commensal organisms and their roles in establishing and maintaining the immune system and general epithelial health (4-7), but their role in biotransformation of skin molecules is as yet poorly characterized.Understanding the molecular topography of the surface of the SC will provide insights into the chemical environment in which microbes reside on the skin and how in turn they modify this environment. To understand the relationship between the chemical milieu and the microbial communities, we must develop workflows that map the chemistry and microbiology of the human skin and that determine the associations between them. The composition of the human skin microbiota has been correlated with skin anatomy, dividing into moist, dry, and sebaceous microenvironments, and can be influenced by beauty and hygiene products (2-9). Regions such as the face, chest, and back, areas with a high density of sebaceous glands, promote growth of lipophilic microorganisms such as Propionibacterium and Malassezia. In contrast, less exposed regions, such as the groin, axilla, and toe web, which are higher in temperature and moisture content, are colonized by Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium (7, 10, 11). Previous studies have reported mass spectrometry (MS) methods to identify compounds from human skin (12, 13). However, th...

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Molecular analysis of the prevalent microbiota of human male and female forehead skin compared to forearm skin and the influence of make-up

Cited by 96 publications

References 30 publications

Microbial Ecology of the Skin in the Era of Metagenomics and Molecular Microbiology

Microbial Ecology of the Skin in the Era of Metagenomics and Molecular Microbiology

Human oral viruses are personal, persistent and gender-consistent

Molecular cartography of the human skin surface in 3D

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