Moisture effects on the high strain-rate behavior of sand

Martin, Brad; Chen, Weinong; Song, Bo; Akers, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.014

Cited by 109 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) is commonly used to investigate the response of soils to onedimensional compression at strain rates of 10 2 s −1 to 10 4 s −1 [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In order to understand the specific strainrate effects which occur in dynamic tests such as the SHPB, quasi-static tests on the same soil can be carried out to enable a comparison, though such complementary experiments have typically only been performed to axial stresses of around 70 MPa and strains of 20% [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of sand under one-dimensional compression

et al. 2016

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Article:Barr, A. orcid.org/0000-0002-8240-6412, Clarke, S.D., Petkovski, M. et al. (4 more authors) (2016) Effects of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of sand under one-dimensional compression. Experimental Mechanics, 56 (9). pp. 1625 -1639 . ISSN 1741 -2765 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-016-0200-z eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request.Experimental Mechanics manuscript No. Abstract The influence of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of a quartz sand was assessed using high-pressure quasi-static (10 −3 s −1 ) and high-strain-rate (10 3 s −1 ) experiments under uniaxial strain.Quasi-static compression to axial stresses of 800 MPa was carried out alongside split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments to 400 MPa, where in each case lateral deformation of the specimen was prevented using a steel test box or ring, and lateral stresses were recorded. A significant increase in constrained modulus was observed between strain rates of 10 −3 s −1 and 10 3 s −1 , however a consistently lower Poisson's ratio in the dynamic tests minimised changes in bulk modulus. The reduction in Poisson's ratio suggests that the stiffening of the sand in the SHPB tests is due to additional inertial confinement rather than an inherent strain-rate dependence. In the quasi-static tests the specimens behaved less stiffly with increasing moisture content, while in the dynamic tests the addition of water had little effect on the overall stiffness, causing the quasi-static and dynamic series to diverge with increasing moisture content.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of sand under one-dimensional compression

et al. 2016

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“…It is designated as Quikrete #1961 and will be referred to herein as Eglin sand. Shock [Brown et al, 2007], Hopkinson bar [Martin et al, 2009;Song et al, 2009], and high-speed penetration [Cooper and Breaux, 2010] experiments have been performed on it. Additional information about Eglin sand can be found in these other references.…”

Section: Experimental Techniques 21 Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While testing techniques for quasi-static conditions are well established [Mitchell and Soga, 2005], techniques for dynamic loading are less well developed. Recently, extensive work has been done with the split Hopkinson bar [Martin et al, 2009;Song et al, 2009] on wet and dry sand to strain rates of 500-1400 s −1 . Triaxial Hopkinson bar experiments have also been performed [Kabir et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure-shear experiments on granular materials.

Reinhart

Thornhill²,

Vogler³

et al. 2011

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Pressure-shear experiments were performed on granular tungsten carbide and sand using a newlyrefurbished slotted barrel gun. The sample is a thin layer of the granular material sandwiched between driver and anvil plates that remain elastic. Because of the obliquity, impact generates both a longitudinal wave, which compresses the sample, and a shear wave that probes the strength of the sample. Laser velocity interferometry is employed to measure the velocity history of the free surface of the anvil. Since the driver and anvil remain elastic, analysis of the results is, in principal, straightforward.Experiments were performed at pressures up to nearly 2 GPa using titanium plates and at higher pressure using zirconium plates. Those done with the titanium plates produced values of shear stress of 0.1-0.2 GPa, with the value increasing with pressure. On the other hand, those experiments conducted with zirconia anvils display results that may be related to slipping at an interface and shear stresses mostly at 0.1 GPa or less. Recovered samples display much greater particle fracture than is observed in planar loading, suggesting that shearing is a very effective mechanism for comminution of the grains.3

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“…These uniaxial strain tests are useful for characterising the compaction response of soil at varying strain rates [6][7][8] and comparing soils with varying moisture contents [8,9], initial densities [10,11] and particle size distributions [12], but cannot be used to describe the yield surface, as shear failure cannot occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a split Hopkinson pressure bar with partial lateral confinement

Barr

Clarke

Rigby

et al. 2016

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This paper presents the design of a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) where partial lateral confinement of the specimen is provided by the inertia of a fluid annulus contained in a long steel reservoir. In contrast to unconfined testing, or a constant cell pressure applied before axial loading, lateral restraint is permitted to develop throughout the axial loading: this enables the high-strain-rate shear behaviour of soils to be characterised under conditions which are more representative of buried explosive events. A pressure transducer located in the wall of the reservoir allows lateral stresses to be quantified, and a dispersion-correction technique is used to provide accurate measurements of axial stress and strain. Preliminary numerical modelling is utilised to inform the experimental design, and the capability of the apparatus is demonstrated with specimen results for a dry quartz sand.

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Moisture effects on the high strain-rate behavior of sand

Cited by 109 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of sand under one-dimensional compression

Effects of strain rate and moisture content on the behaviour of sand under one-dimensional compression

Pressure-shear experiments on granular materials.

Design of a split Hopkinson pressure bar with partial lateral confinement

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