Modulator chip based on semiconductor heterostructures with a surface diffraction grating for laser beam steering

Zolotarev, V. V.; Сліпченко, С. О.; Shashkin, I. S.; Kazakova, A. E.; Kriuchkov, V. A.; Pikhtin, N. A.

doi:10.1364/ao.435199

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Zolotarev et al 38 investigated theoretically a MWQ waveguide, with a diffraction grating defined into the top cladding, and a distributed Bragg reflector integrated into the substrate, as an electro-optically controlled beam steering device. They assume an AlGaAs/GaAs system and exploit the quantum confined Stark effect to modulate the grating diffraction angles, predicting a FOV of about 5°.…”

Section: ■ Electro-optic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Beam Steering Using Tunable Metasurfaces

Berini

2022

ACS Photonics

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Optical beam steering is needed in many applications including, for example, LIDAR, optical communications, laser machining, and 3D printing. Autonomous cars and drones need LIDAR, the increasing demand for optical bandwidth shows no sign of abating, and advanced manufacturing using lasers continues to gain importance; such applications drive growing demand for optical beam steering devices and motivates research on new approaches and technologies. Tunable metasurfaces hold the promise of nonmechanical solid-state integrated beam steering devices, fabricated using wafer-scale processes amenable to mass manufacturing. Although still in its infancy, the field of tunable metasurfaces for optical beam steering is showing significant promise through an early demonstration of concepts, further motivating an already vigorous research effort globally. The purpose of this Perspective is to assess progress on optical beam steering using dynamically tunable nanoantennas and metasurfaces. Recent results are highlighted, and the state of the field is given a critical look.

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Section: ■ Electro-optic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Beam Steering Using Tunable Metasurfaces

Berini

2022

ACS Photonics

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“…Metasurfaces (MSs) have attracted considerable attention for physics and engineering applications because of their high degree of freedom in controlling electromagnetic (EM) waves. The capability of MSs to efficiently shape the wavefront of the EM wave has translated to its wide use in various fields. − With the increasing demand for miniaturized and highly integrated systems, a single MS with high efficiency and compact size is desirable for wavefront manipulation in wireless communication systems. A great deal of attention has been devoted to employing new techniques for designing MSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Radiation Beams by High-Efficiency Metasurfaces with Enhanced Refractive Index Elements

Bao,

Ren,

Liao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The efficient manipulation of the electromagnetic wavefront using metasurfaces (MSs) has attracted a continuous amount of attention in recent years. MSs with arbitrarily controllable amplitude and phase are highly desirable in many emerging fields. However, in previous research, the resonance effect has mainly been used to accomplish the task. This article presents a nonresonant metamaterial element with stronger capacitive coupling. The broadband sandwich-structured meta-atom achieves an enhanced refractive index ranging from 2.44 to 8.90. By using the enhanced refractive index elements, the proposed transmissive MS has an ultrathin thickness (0.23 freespace wavelength). It consists of a specially designed gradient index MS placed on top of the transmitting antenna. The MS is designed to convert the spherical surface wave into a plane wave with high efficiency. One core layer (CL) gradient index MS and two impedance matching layers (IMLs) have been designed to transform the magnitude and phase of the radiation beam from the transmitting antenna. An efficient transmissive MS has been designed and experimentally evaluated with a maximum measured efficiency of over 85%. The proposed control strategy increases the design flexibility of the MS and shows great potential for broadband applications in the realization of efficient functional devices.

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Phase change plasmonic metasurface for dynamic thermal emission modulation

Wang,

Jing,

Liu

et al. 2024

APL Photonics

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Plasmonic metasurfaces with adjustable optical responses can be achieved through phase change materials (PCMs) with high optical contrast. However, the on–off behavior of the phase change process results in the binary response of photonic devices, limiting the applications to the two-stage modulation. In this work, we propose a reconfigurable metasurface emitter based on a gold nanorod array on a VO2 thin film for achieving continuously tunable narrowband thermal emission. The electrode line connecting the center of each nanorod not only enables emission excitation electrically but also activates the phase transition of VO2 beneath the array layer due to Joule heating. The change in the dielectric environment due to the VO2 phase transition results in the modulation of emissivity from the plasmonic metasurfaces. The device performances regarding critical geometrical parameters are analyzed based on a fully coupled electro-thermo-optical finite element model. This new metasurface structure extends the binary nature of PCM based modulations to continuous reconfigurability and provides new possibilities toward smart metasurface emitters, reflectors, and other nanophotonic devices.

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Modulator chip based on semiconductor heterostructures with a surface diffraction grating for laser beam steering

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Optical Beam Steering Using Tunable Metasurfaces

Optical Beam Steering Using Tunable Metasurfaces

Controlling Radiation Beams by High-Efficiency Metasurfaces with Enhanced Refractive Index Elements

Phase change plasmonic metasurface for dynamic thermal emission modulation

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