Modulation of the Somatotropic Axis in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Kim, Jin Wook

doi:10.5713/ajas.2013.13139

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Plasma insulin concentration declines in a same manner with the decrease in plasma IGF-I after parturition. Insulin infusion into early lactating cows increases plasma IGF-I concentration [18]. Low IGF-I stimulates somatotropic hormone on lipolysis [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Status of Dairy Cows Grouped by Anabolic and Catabolic Indicators of Metabolic Stress in Early Lactation

Belić

Cincović

Lakić

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Early lactation is period followed by changed metabolism in organism of the cow. This is the consequence of negativ energy balance, metabolic stress and milk production. Early lactation is characterised by high lipide catabolism (high NEFA) and low anabolic capacity (low insulin and IGF-I concentration). The aim of this study is to examine differences in metabolic adaptation of cows in early lactation (eight weeks after calving) in accordance to anabolic (insulin, IGF-I) and catabolic (NEFA) indicators in first week after calving.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment included 50 Holstein-Friesian cows. Blood samples were collected in first, second, fourth and eight week after calving by venepunction of v.coccigea. Based on median value of indicator, cows were significantly (P < 0.001) classified in two groups: cows under metabolic stress (indicators of anabolism below the median Me-: indicators of catabolism above the medianMe+) and cows in control group (indicators of anabolism above the median Me+: indicators of catabolism under median Me-). Following criteria for comparison were given: based on classification of cows according to one indicator of metabolic load (insulinMe-:insulinMe+; IGF-IMe-:IGF-IMe+ and NEFAMe-:NEFA Me+); based on classification of cows according to combination of two indicators (insulinMe-+NEFAMe+: insulinMe++NEFAMe- and IGF-IMe-+NEFAMe+:IGF-IMe++NEFAMe-). Cows loaded with metabolic stress showed significan difference in metabolic adaptation in relation to control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01): higher values of STH, BHB (criteria were insulin, IGF-I, NEFA, insulin+NEFA, IGF-I+NEFA), higher values of bilirubin, AST, ALT, GGT, AP (criteria NEFA and IGF-I+NEFA) and MDA (criteria NEFA) and lower levels of glucose, total proteins, albumin (criteria IGF-I, NEFA, IGF-I+NEFA and body condition (criteria insulin, IGF-I, NEFA, insulin+ NEFA, IGF-I+ NEFA) were noted. Differences were expressed the most in first two weeks after calving. Differences in the body condition were the most notable later in weeks. Usage of NEFA indicator in first week after calving allows the most quality recognition of cows with metabolic parameters in extreme quartiles (ROC AUC= 0.87, P < 0.01) in first eight week of lactation.Discussion: Inverse relation betwen NEFA with insulin and IGF-I is consequence of next phisiological concept: plasma insulin and IGF-I decrease in same mannure after calvig and insulin aplication increase IGF-I; low insulin concentration leads cow to lipolysis and low IGF-I leads to STH resistance with increase concentration of STH and high lipolysis. Catabolism of adipose tissue and high NEFA concentration is most important for metabolic adaptation in periparturient period. Cows with insulin resistance, ketosis and fatty liver with many problems in metabolic adaptation showed high NEFA concentration. Atenuation of NEFA by niacin or anti-inflammatory drug decreases metabolic change due to high lipide mobilisation in early lactation. Low antepartal IGF-I showed significant effect on postpartum health, but our measuremens are in first week postpartum. In addition, increase catabolism of lipide viewed in NEFA value contributes to metabolic variation and adaptation in the first eight weeks of lactation much more than decrease of anabolic indicators such as insulin and IGF-I. The combination of the indicators does not lead to better recognition of cows with extreme metabolic change in relation to classification only to the value of NEFA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Status of Dairy Cows Grouped by Anabolic and Catabolic Indicators of Metabolic Stress in Early Lactation

Belić

Cincović

Lakić

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…Інсуліноподібний фактор росту є найважливішим ендокринним посередником дії соматотропного гормону, тому його також називають соматомедином (Partridge et al, 2011;Kim, 2014;Thornton et al, 2015). У периферичних тканинах саме соматомедин забезпечує практично всі фізіологічні ефекти соматотропного гормону.…”

Section: вступunclassified

The concentration of insuline-like growth factor in colostrum, milk and plasma of cows

2019

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Recently, a significant amount of data has been reported indicating on the link between consumption of dairy products and development of oncological diseases. This could be explained by the presence in milk of various hormones, particularly insulin-like growth factor (IGF). This hormone is a mediator between somatotropin and tissues. In response to the increase of the blood level of growth hormone, hepatocytes begin actively synthesize the IGF, which accelerates the rate of the metabolism, including those of onco-cells. The majority of studies relate to humane medicine, and data on the dependence of IGF milk levels on breed, period of lactation, diet, physiological, and clinical status of an animal are lacking. Taking this into consideration, the purpose of this study was to analyze the concentration of insulin-like factor in colostrum, milk of cows and blood plasma at various stages of lactation. Study was performed on cows of Ukrainian blackand-white dairy breed in their from second to fifth lactation with milk yield 5100-5700 kg per previous lactation. Concentration of IGF was detected in colostrum, milk and plasma of cows, using enzyme immunoassay. Obtained material gives evidence that the highest IGF level is present in colostrum. After that hormone concentration decreases up to 10-14 day of lactation. High level of IGF in colostrum might be associated with necessity to stimulate metabolism of calves in early postnatal period of ontogenesis. Immediately after calving plasma level of IGF decreases. The highest level was observed on 10-14 th days of lactation. Taking into consideration physiological function of the given hormone, there is no univocal explanation of the decrease of its plasma level in cows at the beginning of lactation. This could be associated with energy deficit, physiological condition of animals or with developing of lactation dominant and levels of other hormones. Potential of further research lies in investigation of the dependence of the IGF level in the secretion of the mammary gland on productivity, breed, age and diet of animals.

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“…The IFI is synthesized predominantly in the liver in response to an increase in the level of somatotropic hormone in the blood. By its physiological properties, it is close to insulin, structurally similar, has common receptors that trigger the same chain of reactions: stimulates transport of amino acids and glucose in the muscles, increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin, in the adipose tissue -transport glucose, oxidation of glucose to CO2, inclusion glucose in lipids (Kim, 2014;Vlizlo & Simonov, 2017). Low levels of IFI-1 are associated with hepatic insufficiency, intestinal inflammation, renal insufficiency (Nikolic-Judith et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of insulin-like growth factor and leptin in the pathogenesis of internal non-contagious pathology of dairy cows

Petruh

Simonov

Влизло

et al. 2018

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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The endocrine system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of the non-infectious pathology of dairy cows. However, the role of a number of hormones in pathology is not clear. These hormones include insulin-like growth factors and leptin. The insulin-like growth factor is synthesized predominantly in the liver in response to an increase in the level of somatotropic hormone in the blood. According to its physiological properties, it is close to insulin, structurally similar, has common receptors that trigger the same chain of reactions: stimulates transport of amino acids and glucose in the muscles, increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin, in adipose tissue, transport glucose, oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide, the inclusion of glucose in lipids. Leptin is synthesized by adipocytes, and its main physiological function is to reduce the synthesis of macroergic compounds and increase energy expenditure. Circulating in the blood, it helps to maintain an optimal level of glucose, which is necessary for the energy needs of the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of insulin-like growth factor, leptin, glucose, pyruvate and lactate in the blood of cows under secondary osteodystrophy, ketosis and hepatodistrophy. This will give an opportunity to better understand the pathogenesis and create theoretical preconditions for the development of informative diagnostic tests and effective means of treatment. The experiment was conducted on dairy cows, analogues by age, breed, productivity and physiological state. According to clinical features, urine analysis and values of biochemical parameters of blood of experimental cows were divided into four groups: 1 – clinically healthy cows, 2 – patients with osteodystrophy, 3 – patients with ketosis, 4 – patients with hepatodistrophy. The obtained results of research indicate that the internal non-contagious pathology in dairy cows deficiency of exchange energy is recorded, which induces an increase in the activity of gluconeogenesis and is expressed by lowering the concentration of glucose and increasing the content of pyruvate and lactate. At the same time, a decrease in the level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was found. The lowest level of insulin-like growth factor and leptin was determined by ketosis. The decrease in the level of tissue hormones in the blood plasma of cows under osteodystrophy was within the statistical error.

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Modulation of the Somatotropic Axis in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Cited by 15 publications

References 72 publications

Metabolic Status of Dairy Cows Grouped by Anabolic and Catabolic Indicators of Metabolic Stress in Early Lactation

Metabolic Status of Dairy Cows Grouped by Anabolic and Catabolic Indicators of Metabolic Stress in Early Lactation

The concentration of insuline-like growth factor in colostrum, milk and plasma of cows

The role of insulin-like growth factor and leptin in the pathogenesis of internal non-contagious pathology of dairy cows

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