Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and Serum Biomarkers After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: a 1-Year Follow-Up Study

Tabasi, Mohsen; Eybpoosh, Sana; Siadat, Seyed Davar; Elyasinia, Fezzeh; Soroush, Ahmadreza

doi:10.1007/s11695-020-05139-2

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It was noteworthy that these genera were still more abundant when compared to lean subjects [ 184 , 185 ]. At the species level, Streptococcus spp., Akkermansia muciniphila (Verrucomicrobia), Roseburia feces , Roseburia hominis , and Enterococcus faecalis were in relative abundance, whereas Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was reduced after RYGB [ 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 ]. Other studies analyzing the composition of the gut microbiota after SG have documented an abundance of the species C. comes , D. longicatena , Clostridiales bacterium , Anaerotruncus colihominis , Akkermansia muciniphila , and B. thetaiotaomicron [ 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventions Related To Gut Microbiota For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different interventions have resulted in differential microbial profiles, whilst only partial restoration towards the lean gut microbiota composition was noted. Different methods of bariatric surgery, patient characteristics, differences in sample sizes and methodologies as well as the existence of comorbidities, such as T2DM, could account for the abovementioned variable results [ 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventions Related To Gut Microbiota For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD begins as a relatively benign hepatic steatosis which can evolve to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases when fibrosis is present. NAFLD represents a complex process implicating numerous factors—genetic, metabolic, and dietary—intertwined in a multi-hit etiopathogenetic model. Recent data have highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis, which may render the bowel more permeable, leading to increased free fatty acid absorption, bacterial migration, and a parallel release of toxic bacterial products, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and proinflammatory cytokines that initiate and sustain inflammation. Although gut dysbiosis is present in each disease stage, there is currently no single microbial signature to distinguish or predict which patients will evolve from NAFLD to NASH and HCC. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the majority of patients with NAFLD/NASH exhibit increased numbers of Bacteroidetes and differences in the presence of Firmicutes, resulting in a decreased F/B ratio in most studies. They also present an increased proportion of species belonging to Clostridium, Anaerobacter, Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Lactobacillus, whereas Oscillibacter, Flavonifaractor, Odoribacter, and Alistipes spp. are less prominent. In comparison to healthy controls, patients with NASH show a higher abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and Escherichia spp., while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila are diminished. Children with NAFLD/NASH have a decreased proportion of Oscillospira spp. accompanied by an elevated proportion of Dorea, Blautia, Prevotella copri, and Ruminococcus spp. Gut microbiota composition may vary between population groups and different stages of NAFLD, making any conclusive or causative claims about gut microbiota profiles in NAFLD patients challenging. Moreover, various metabolites may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, bile acids, choline and trimethylamine-N-oxide, and ammonia. In this review, we summarize the role of the gut microbiome and metabolites in NAFLD pathogenesis, and we discuss potential preventive and therapeutic interventions related to the gut microbiome, such as the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and bacteriophages, as well as the contribution of bariatric surgery and fecal microbiota transplantation in the therapeutic armamentarium against NAFLD. Larger and longer-term prospective studies, including well-defined cohorts as well as a multi-omics approach, are required to better identify the associations between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and NAFLD occurrence and progression.

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Section: Therapeutic Interventions Related To Gut Microbiota For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Therapeutic Interventions Related To Gut Microbiota For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…They are also the most active groups of bacteria in individuals with severe obesity, with no significant differences between pre- and post-surgery [ 186 ]. Bariatric surgery can alter the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, causing a reduction in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes (especially Roseburia ) [ 187 , 188 , 189 ]. However, this has not been confirmed in all human studies.…”

Section: Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it stimulates the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate, acetate, and propionate, a major class of bacterial metabolites obtained from fermentation of otherwise indigestible polysaccharides, have an important anti-inflammatory role in maintaining the intestinal barrier integrity [ 193 ], thus reducing the absorption of LPS. The consistent increase of SCFAs producers such as Aggregatibacter, Lachnospiraceae, Rothia , Ruminococcaceae, and Streptococcus after LSG and LRYGB is probably involved in the post-surgical attenuation of inflammation [ 189 ]. SCFAs also contribute to modulation of the host’s appetite and food intake, promoting the release of GLP-1 and peptide YY, by the interaction with G-coupled proteins expressed by enteroendocrine cells [ 194 , 195 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery and Liver Disease: General Considerations and Role of the Gut–Liver Axis

et al. 2021

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Weight loss is a therapeutic solution for many metabolic disorders, such as obesity and its complications. Bariatric surgery aims to achieve lasting weight loss in all patients who have failed after multiple dietary attempts. Among its many benefits, it has been associated with the regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is often associated with obesity, with evidence of substantial improvement in tissue inflammation and fibrosis. These benefits are mediated not only by weight loss, but also by favorable changes in systemic inflammation and in the composition of the gut microbiota. Changes in microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), capable of acting as endocrine mediators, and bile acids (BAs) as well as modifications of the gut-brain axis, are among the involved mechanisms. However, not all bariatric surgeries show beneficial effects on the liver; those leading to malabsorption can cause liver failure or a marked worsening of fibrosis and the development of cirrhosis. Nevertheless, there are still many unclear aspects, including the extent of the benefits and the magnitude of the risks of bariatric surgery in cirrhotic patients. In addition, the usefulness and the safety of these procedures in patients who are candidates to or who have undergone liver transplant need solid supporting evidence. This paper aims to review literature data on the use of bariatric surgery in the setting of chronic liver disease.

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“…Recently, many studies indicated that gut microbiota plays a key role in maintaining host body homeostasis [1, 6]. Helicobacter pylori is an important member of the microbiome affecting >50% of the world population and is related to the development of diverse gastric and extragastric diseases, such as gastric cancer, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, and duodenal and peptic ulcers [7, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Genotypes in Obese Patients with Gastric Ulcer, Duodenal Ulcer, and Gastric Cancer: An Observational Study

Farsimadan¹,

Heravi²,

Emamvirdizadeh³

et al. 2021

Dig Dis

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Introduction: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for a variety of gastrointestinal disorders (GID). Helicobacter pylori is associated with different GID, such as gastric cancer and chronic gastritis. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of dominant genotypes in H. pylori isolated from obese patients diagnosed with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 222 H. pylori-positive samples were collected from patients with obesity. GID and gastric cancer were identified by endoscopy and histopathology, respectively. Three biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum were obtained from each patient for culture tests, histological examination, and identification of vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) (vacA s1, vacA s2, vacA m1, vacA m2, vacA s1m1 vacA s1m2, vacA s2m1, and vacA s2m2), cagA, cagE, iceA1, oipA, dupA, and babA2 using polymerase chain reaction. Results: vacA, cagE, cagA, iceA1, oipA, dupA, and babA2 genes were detected in 222 (100%), 171 (77%), 161 (72.5%), 77 (34.6%), 77 (34.6%), 137 (61%), and 69 (31%) patients with obesity, respectively. Our findings revealed that vacA, iceA1, oipA, and babA2 were significantly associated with a higher risk of GID, while cagE, cagA, and dupA indicated no correlation with the development of GID. Also, in the combination of s- and m-region genotypes, s1m2 (79%) was the most frequently identified genotype in patients with obesity. A significant association was also found between cagA and the presence of vacA genotypes (except for vacA m1 and babA2). Conclusions: This study indicated the high prevalence of different virulence genes in H. pylori isolated from obese patients and supported the significant role of H. pylori in the development of GID.

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Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and Serum Biomarkers After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: a 1-Year Follow-Up Study

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Bariatric Surgery and Liver Disease: General Considerations and Role of the Gut–Liver Axis

Evaluation of <b><i>Helicobacter pylori</i></b> Genotypes in Obese Patients with Gastric Ulcer, Duodenal Ulcer, and Gastric Cancer: An Observational Study

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