Modulation of the Antioxidant Defense System by Exogenous l-Glutamic Acid Application Enhances Salt Tolerance in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

Fardus, Jannatul; Hossain, Md. Shahadat; Fujita, Masayuki

doi:10.3390/biom11040587

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The positive correlation found between ROS production and MDA accumulation indicated that the increased lipid peroxidation observed under salinity was a direct effect of ROS on polyunsaturated components of membranes. The excessive accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and MDA are common responses to salinity already observed in many other plant species, such as in Linum usitatissimum L. [ 37 ] and Indian mustard [ 38 ] leaves, cotton [ 39 ] and lentil [ 40 ] seedlings and mung bean roots and leaves [ 41 ]. Our results showed that the application of CTS at low and medium MW to durum wheat seedlings exposed to salinity was able to effectively reduce the accumulation of ROS and, consequently, ameliorate the stability of the membranes, as demonstrated by the decrease induced in the MDA content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Quitadamo

Simone

Beleggia

et al. 2021

Plants

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The present study was carried out with the aim of (i) evaluating the effect of chitosan (CTS) on the growth of durum wheat under salinity and (ii) examining CTS-regulated mechanisms of salinity tolerance associated with the antioxidant defense system. To achieve these goals, durum wheat seedlings were treated with CTS at different molecular weight, low (L-CTS, 50–190 kDa), medium (M-CTS, 190–310 kDa) and high (H-CTS, 310–375 kDa). The results obtained show that exposure to 200 mM NaCl reduced the shoot and the root dried biomass by 38% and 59%, respectively. The growth impairment induced by salinity was strongly correlated with an increase in the superoxide anion production (5-fold), hydrogen peroxide content (2-fold) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (4-fold). Seedlings responded to the oxidative stress triggered by salinity with an increase in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) by 67%, 51% and 32%, respectively. A salt-induced increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) of 89% and 86%, respectively, was also observed. Treatment of salt-stressed seedlings with exogenous CTS significantly promoted seedling growth, with the strongest effects observed for L-CTS and M-CTS, which increased the shoot biomass of stressed seedlings by 32% and 44%, respectively, whereas the root dried biomass increased by 87% and 64%, respectively. L-CTS and M-CTS treatments also decreased the superoxide anion production (57% and 59%, respectively), the hydrogen peroxide content (35% and 38%, respectively) and the MDA content (48% and 56%, respectively) and increased the TPC (23% and 14%, respectively), the TFC (19% and 10%, respectively), the TAA (up to 10% and 7%, respectively) and the CAT activity (29% and 20%, respectively). Overall, our findings indicate that CTS exerts its protective role against the oxidative damages induced by salinity by enhancing the antioxidant defense system. L-CTS and M-CTS were the most effective in alleviating the adverse effect of NaCl, thus demonstrating that the CTS action is strictly related to its molecular weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Quitadamo

Simone

Beleggia

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Some abiotic stress conditions, such as salt stress, can induce oxidative damage, as indicated by higher hydrogen peroxide and MDA contents and electrolyte leakage, by interrupting the antioxidant defense system and promoting the accumulation of toxic levels of Na+ [45]. Lipid peroxidation is a major sign of oxidative damage in plants and can be measured by assessing MDA content [46,47]. Chen et al (2021) showed that salt stress increased the MDA content by 164% compared with unstressed control plants; however L-Glu pretreatment suppressed this salt-stress-induced increase in MDA content by 65% [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Activity of Alkaloids in the Desert Plant Sophora alopecuroides

Lei

Zhao

Shi

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Sophora alopecuroides is known to produce relatively large amounts of alkaloids; however, their ecological consequences remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the allelopathic potential of the main alkaloids, including aloperine, matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, sophocarpine, sophoridine, as well as their mixture both in distilled H2O and in the soil matrix. Our results revealed that all the alkaloids possessed inhibitory activity on four receiver species, i.e., Amaranthus retroflexus, Medicago sativa, Lolium perenne and Setaria viridis. The strength of the phytotoxicity of the alkaloids was in the following order: sophocarpine > aloperine > mixture > sophoridine > matrine > oxysophocarpine > oxymatrine (in Petri dish assays), and matrine > mixture > sophocarpine > oxymatrine > oxysophocarpine > sophoridine > aloperine (in pot experiments). In addition, the mixture of the alkaloids was found to significantly increase the IAA content, MDA content and POD activity of M. sativa seedlings, whereas CTK content, ABA content, SOD activity and CAT activity of M. sativa seedlings decreased markedly. Our results suggest S. alopecuroides might produce allelopathic alkaloids to improve its competitiveness and thus facilitate the establishment of its dominance; the potential value of these alkaloids as environmentally friendly herbicides is also discussed.

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“…Exogenous proline and 4-aminobutyric acid reduce the oxidative damage of barley seedlings under aluminium and proton stress by enhancing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD and CAT ( Song et al., 2010 ; Guo et al., 2022 ). Acidic amino acids, including glutamic acid and aspartic acid, can act as proton donors to pair with lone pair electrons and thus exert antioxidant effects ( Zhang et al., 2016 ; Li et al., 2021 ) or enhance the antioxidant capacity by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity ( Liu and Yang, 2015 ; Fardus et al., 2021 ). Moreover, glutathione is the most important nonenzymatic antioxidant in plants, which can by synthesized from glutamic acid, which itself can be synthesized from 5-oxoproline in the glutathione synthesis pathway ( Xu et al., 2013 ; Liu et al., 2021b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous leucine alleviates heat stress and improves saponin synthesis in Panax notoginseng by improving antioxidant capacity and maintaining metabolic homeostasis

Liu

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Panax notoginseng saponins (PNSs) are used as industrial raw materials to produce many drugs to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, it is a heat-sensitive plant, and its large-scale artificial cultivation is impeded by high temperature stress, leading to decreases in productivity and PNSs yield. Here, we examined exogenous foliar leucine to alleviate heat stress and explored the underlying mechanism using metabolomics. The results indicated that 3 and 5 mM exogenous foliar leucine significantly alleviated heat stress in one-year- and two-year-old P. notoginseng in pots and field trials. Exogenous foliar leucine enhanced the antioxidant capacity by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (POD, SOD) and the contents of antioxidant metabolites (amino acids). Moreover, exogenous foliar leucine enhanced carbohydrate metabolism, including sugars (sucrose, maltose) and TCA cycle metabolites (citric acid, aconitic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid), in P. notoginseng leaves, stems, and fibrous roots to improve the energy supply of plants and further alleviate heat stress. Field experiments further verified that exogenous foliar leucine increased the productivity and PNSs accumulation in P. notoginseng. These results suggest that leucine application is beneficial for improving the growth and quality of P. notoginseng under heat stress. It is therefore possible to develop plant growth regulators based on leucine to improve the heat resistance of P. notoginseng and other crops.

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Modulation of the Antioxidant Defense System by Exogenous l-Glutamic Acid Application Enhances Salt Tolerance in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

Cited by 32 publications

References 78 publications

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Phytotoxic Activity of Alkaloids in the Desert Plant Sophora alopecuroides

Exogenous leucine alleviates heat stress and improves saponin synthesis in Panax notoginseng by improving antioxidant capacity and maintaining metabolic homeostasis

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