Modulation of oxidative stress in human hippocampal progenitor cells: a model to study underlying mechanisms of depression

Bakunina, Nataliia; Pariante, Carmine; Zunszain, Patricia A.

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.077

Cited by 1 publication

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“…While O&NS leads to the loss of adaptive potential of cells to the alterations in redox homeostasis, causing eventual cell death, inflammatory damage is reported to cause additive effects in the neuroprogression of MDD [ 227 ]. The two transcription factors, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are key components of the O&NS and inflammation cascade; both are implicated in MDD [ 227 , 231 , 232 ]. Various signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) [ 233 ] and PI3K/ AKT/GSK3/mTOR pathways [ 234 ] are also important in the neuroprogression of MDD.…”

Section: The Pathogenesis Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Heterogeneity of Major Depressive Disorder: Current Knowledge and Future Prospective

Athira

Bandopadhyay

Samudrala

et al. 2020

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is estimated to impose maximum debilitating effects on the society by 2030, with its critical effects on health, functioning, quality of life and concomitant high levels of morbidity and mortality. Yet, the disease is inadequately understood, diagnosed and treated. Moreover, with the recent drastic rise in the pace of life, stress has materialized as one of the most potent environmental factors for depression. In this scenario, it is important to understand the modern pathogenetic hypotheses and mechanisms, and possibly try to shift from the traditional approaches in depression therapy. These include the elaboration of pathophysiological changes in heterogeneous systems such as genetic, epigenetic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, gammaaminobutyric acid, glutamatergic and endocannabinoid systems, neurotrophic factors, HPA axis, immune system as well as cellular stress mechanisms. These components interact with each other in a complex matrix and further elucidation of their mechanism and cascade pathways are needed. This might aid in the identification of MDD subtypes as well as the development of sophisticated biomarkers. Further, characterization might also aid in developing multitargeted therapies that hold much promise as compared to the conventional monoamine based treatment. New candidate pharmacons, refined psychotherapeutic modalities, advanced neuro-surgical and imaging techniques as well as the implementation of pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenetic prescribing guidelines constitute the emerging expanses of MDD treatment.

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