Modulation of mutagen-induced genotoxicity by vitamin C and medicinal plants in<b><i>Allium cepa</i></b>L.

Asita, Asita Okorie; Moramang, Sello; Rants’o, Thabang; Magama, Sibusisiwe

doi:10.1080/00087114.2017.1311166

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Excessive ROS promotes DNA break which can be observed through the chromosomal break (Ganesan and Panneerselvam 2013). Chromosome stickiness is caused by chromo-some loss of physical identity due to physical attachment of chromatin material or inter-chromosomal connections (Asita et al 2017). Heavy metal complexes are very reactive, and their complexes interact directly or indirectly with DNA, histone, or non-histone proteins, causing chromosomal surface properties to change, making them sticky (Kumar and Srivastava 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The telophase index of Ni treatment was significantly lower than other treatments. According to Asita et al (2017), a decrease in the proportion of dividing cells in A + T indicates that the chromosome spindles were poisoned, resulting in metaphase arrest. Low anaphase and telophase indices can cause daughter cells to be damaged, limiting plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of encapsulated Enhalus acoroides (L. f.) Royle leaves extract against nickel nitrate

2022

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Several environmental pollutants can cause damage to chromosomes, one of which is the heavy metal NiNO3. Some plant extracts have antigenotoxic properties that result in a decrease in chromosomal damage. Member of flowering plants that need to be tested is seagrass. One seagrass species is Enhalus acoroides which was found to contain phytochemical compounds. This study aimed to analyse the genotoxic effect and the potential of encapsulated E. acoroides leaf extract as antigenotoxic against nickel nitrate NiNO3. The extraction was conducted using a mixture of chloroform and ethanol, and crude extract encapsulated using maltodextrin and tween 80. Chromosomal aberrations were evaluated using the squash technique of Allium cepa var. aggregatum root tips. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride and Evans Blue staining were used to observe mitochondrial and apoptotic activities. The results showed that at higher concentrations (250 ppm and 500 ppm), the encapsulated E. acoroides extract decreased mitotic indices; however, no chromosome aberration observed. NiNO3 itself induced a genotoxic effect as observed by low mitotic index and a high percentage of chromosome aberration. The modulation of NiNO3 effect by adding the encapsulated E. acoroides extract at low concentration (100 ppm) increased mitotic index compared to treatment with Ni alone, but did not reduce chromosome aberration. Simultaneous encapsulated E. acoroides extract and Ni treatment, significantly reduced nuclear fragmentation and nuclear lesion. The encapsulated E. acoroides extract can repair several types of nuclear damage but cannot minimise chromosomal damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of encapsulated Enhalus acoroides (L. f.) Royle leaves extract against nickel nitrate

2022

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“…However, the plant possessed significant dose-dependent central antinociceptive effects, similarly increasing the pain threshold to Aspirin, indicating similar efficacy to the drug. In the same year, (Asita et al 2017) investigated two medicinal plants (Helichrysum caespititum and Xysmalobium undulatum) and ascorbic acid for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and modulation of cyclophosphamide-and EMSinduced GT using the Allium cepa assay. Mixtures of the three were significantly more genotoxic than the individual extracts, which indicated a synergistic interaction.…”

Section: Toxicity Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plants of Lesotho: A review of ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and conservation studies

Motjotji

Moteetee

Seleteng‐Kose

2023

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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Background: Of the approximately 2,076 plant species occurring in Lesotho, about 355 are used for medicinal purposes. Many communities in the country, mainly in rural areas with limited access to health facilities, rely on traditional medicine as primary healthcare. Several publications provide helpful information on plants used for medicinal purposes in Lesotho. These include documentation of the plants, investigation of their therapeutic potential to provide scientific validation for their use, and conservation status. However, a synthesis of all the studies conducted so far has hitherto not been undertaken. The current study aimed to provide a systematic review of ethnomedicinal, pharmacological, and conservation studies undertaken on medicinal plants of Lesotho. The synthesis brings together published and unpublished literature sources, thus providing a comprehensive database for studies conducted on Lesotho medicinal plants. Furthermore, it identifies existing knowledge gaps on research that has been carried out on the species and thus provides opportunities for further research, especially in the search for new natural products. Methods: Information was gathered from published and unpublished literature sources, with the earliest publication dating back to 1917. Information was gathered through keyword search using accessible literature sources from Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed. Books, dissertations, theses, technical reports were also searched. Keywords used for the search were Lesotho, in conjunction with medicinal plant and traditional medicine. To be eligible for inclusion in the current review, a literature source was expected to have assessed ethnomedicinal use, biological/pharmacological activity (e.g., antimicrobial activity), phytochemistry, toxicology) or conservation status of any Lesotho plant species used in traditional medicine.Results: A total of 116 records were identified, of which 76 were included in the review. Thirty-one ethnomedicinal, 14 pharmacological (nine antioxidant, three anti-inflammatory, five antimicrobial activities), six phytochemical, and 15 conservation studies on medicinal plants of Lesotho were scrutinized. It is important to note that some studies evaluated more than one pharmacological activity. Ethnomedicinal studies show that numerous plants are used for medicinal purposes in Lesotho, however studies to scientifically validate their traditional use has remained far behind.Conclusion: Many of Lesotho's important medicinal plants have been assessed for pharmacological activity, providing scientific proof for their use. However, there are numerous gaps in the number and type of pharmacological and phytochemical studies that have been conducted. These gaps offer endless opportunities for researchers working in these fields. In addition, the conservation status for most of these plants is unknown., therefore, a detailed red data listing of Lesotho plants, particularly those used in traditional medicine, is recommended.

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“…Cytotoxicity (CT) and genotoxicity (GT) assessment was done based on the methods of Asita et al ( 2017) [14].…”

Section: Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytotoxicity and genotoxicityCytotoxicity (CT) and genotoxicity (GT) assessment was done based on the methods of Asita et al (2017)[14].The cytotoxicity was measured by mitotic index (MI), wherein mitotic index is expressed in percentage as: Mitotic Index (MI) = Total Number of dividing cells Total number of cells observed in the field × normal mitotic cells (NMC)]. The effectiveness and efficiency of each concentrations of Monosodium Glutamate on Urginea indica Kunth were measured based on the formulae given by Konzak et al, (1965) [77].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Efficiency of Monosodium Glutamate as a Potential Mutagen Inducing Polyploidy in Urginea Indica Kunth

Sinha¹

2021

Preprint

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Monosodium Glutamate is a food additive well-known as a flavor enhancer being used extensively in food industries. Also, it has long been used as a cheap source of fertilizer owing to the presence of high nitrogen contents in it. Furthermore, it also shows genotoxic effects on plants. Hence, in the present study the genotoxic properties of Monosodium Glutamate had been explored to assess its potential as a mutagen. The objective was specifically to find out its potential in inducing polyploidy in plants. For this, a medicinal plant, Urginea indica Kunth with immensely high therapeutic value was selected. The effectiveness and efficiency of Monosodium Glutamate on Urginea indica Kunth was assessed based on the records obtained after treatments in two generations, viz. M1 and M2 Generations. Its effectiveness and efficiency on Urginea indica Kunth pave a way for its use as a potential mutagen which can induce genetic variability among the selected wild species of the plants with great ease. Moreover, the higher degree of polyploidy obtained in the M2 generation established the objective of the experiment, that Monosodium Glutamate could be used with controlled, adequate dose and maintained experiment setup in inducing polyploidy in plants.

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Modulation of mutagen-induced genotoxicity by vitamin C and medicinal plants inAllium cepaL.

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of encapsulated Enhalus acoroides (L. f.) Royle leaves extract against nickel nitrate

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of encapsulated Enhalus acoroides (L. f.) Royle leaves extract against nickel nitrate

Medicinal plants of Lesotho: A review of ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and conservation studies

Effectiveness and Efficiency of Monosodium Glutamate as a Potential Mutagen Inducing Polyploidy in Urginea Indica Kunth

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