Modulation of carbon and nitrogen allocation in Urtica dioica and Plantago major by elevated CO2: Impact of accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates and ontogenetic drift

Hertog, J. den; Stulen, I.; Fonseca, Filomena; Delea, P.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.980109.x

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…3), as observed by other workers (den Hertog, Stulen & Lambers, 1993 ;Poorter, 1993 ;Baxter et al, 1994 ;den Hertog et al, 1996). The benefits of increased net photosynthesis and hence of  on  at [CO # ] elev , however, were offset by a concurrent decrease in  (Fig.…”

Section: Elevated Cosupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Similar opposing effects of [CO # ] elev on  and  have been reported (Gebauer, Reynolds & Strain, 1996 ;Roumet et al, 1996), the negative impact of [CO # ] elev on  resulting largely from a decrease in , despite an increase in biomass allocation to leaves () of plants of similar age (Table 3). A decrease in  is one of the most frequently cited responses to [CO # ] elev and has been attributed to an accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates (Wong et al, 1992 ;Bowler & Press, 1993 ;Poorter, 1993 ;Baxter et al, 1994 ;Roumet et al, 1996), although in some cases the decrease persists even when expressed on a structural dry weight basis, suggesting additional changes in leaf anatomy (Thomas & Harvey, 1983 ;Acock & Pasternak, 1986 ;den Hertog et al, 1996). In contrast with [CO # ] elev , a 3 mC increase in temperature had no significant affect on  (Tables 1 and 3), consistent with the relative insensitivity of photosynthesis to temperature.…”

Section: Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Jones¹,

Ashenden²,

Sparks³

1998

New Phytologist

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Whereas much is known of the short-term growth response to elevated atmospheric CO # concentrations, [CO # ] elev , there is relatively little information on how the response of native species is modified by temperature, despite the fact that an increase in global mean temperature is expected to accompany the rise in [CO # ]. In this study, five functionally related annual native species were exposed to different combinations of ambient and elevated [CO # ] and temperatures in order to assess their response in terms of growth and allometry. Fast-growing annuals were selected for the study because their growth responses could be assessed over a major portion of the plant's life cycle and in as short a period as 8 wk. Plants were grown in eight hemi-spherical glasshouses, programmed to track outside ambient conditions and provide a replicated experimental design. increased total plant biomass by 25 % (P l 0n005) at 56 d, reflecting a proportionally greater increase in leaf and stem mass relative to root weight. Elevated [CO # ] had no effect on leaf area, either at the individual species level or overall. Elevated T mC, by contrast, had little effect on shoot growth but increased root mass on average by 43 % and leaf area by 22 %. Few interactions between elevated [CO # ] and T mC were observed, with the CO # response generally greater at elevated than ambient T mC. Both [CO # ] elev and T mC elev resulted in a transient increase in relative growth rate, (), during the first 14 d exposure and a 3 mC increase in temperature had no effect on the duration of the response. CO # stimulation of growth operated through a sustained increase in net assimilation rate. (), although the potential benefit to  was offset by a concurrent decline in leaf area ratio (), as a result of a decrease in leaf area per unit leaf mass (). The response to T mC elev was generally opposite of that to [CO # ] elev . For example, T mC elev increased  through an increase in  and this, rather than any effect on , was the major factor responsible for the stimulation of . Allometric analysis of CO # effects revealed that changes in allocation observed at individual harvests were due solely to changes associated with plant size. Elevated T mC, by contrast, had a direct effect on allocation patterns to leaves, with an increase in leaf area expansion relative to whole plant mass during the initial stages of growth and subsequent increased allocation of biomass away from leaves to other regions of the plant. No change in the allometric relation between roots and shoots were observed at either elevated [CO # ] or T mC. We conclude, therefore, that allocation of biomass and morphological characteristics such as , are relatively insensitive to [CO # ], at least when analysed at the whole-plant level, and where changes have been observed, these are the product of comparing plants of the same age but different size.

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Section: Elevated Cosupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Jones¹,

Ashenden²,

Sparks³

1998

New Phytologist

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“…The increase in carbohydrate content might increase the production of L. pumila secondary metabolites due to increase in substrates to the shikimic acid pathway [59]. The high total phenolics and flavonoids content under high CO 2 and low irradiance in the plant has been shown to have anticancer properties and also to have applications for the use as antibiotics, antidiarrhea, antiulcer, and anti-inflammatory agents, as well as in the treatment of diseases such as hypertension, vascular fragility, allergies, and hyperchlolesterolemia [60, 61]. The results imply that CO 2 enrichment under low irradiance can enhance the medicinal properties of this herb.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation of Secondary Metabolites, Photosynthetic Capacity, and Antioxidant Activity of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumilaBenth) in Response toCO2and Light Intensity

Ibrahim

Jaafar

Karimi

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to investigate and distinguish the relationships among production of secondary metabolites, soluble sugar, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) activity, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, antioxidant activity (DPPH), and lipid peroxidation under three levels of CO2 (400, 800, and 1200 μmol/mol) and four levels of light intensity (225, 500, 625, and 900 μmol/m2/s) over 15 weeks in Labisia pumila. The production of plant secondary metabolites, sugar, chlorophyll content, antioxidant activity, and malondialdehyde content was influenced by the interactions between CO2 and irradiance. The highest accumulation of secondary metabolites, sugar, maliondialdehyde, and DPPH activity was observed under CO2 at 1200 μmol/mol + light intensity at 225 μmol/m2/s. Meanwhile, at 400 μmol/mol CO2 + 900 μmol/m2/s light intensity the production of chlorophyll and maliondialdehyde content was the highest. As CO2 levels increased from 400 to 1200 μmol/mol the photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, f v/f m (maximum efficiency of photosystem II), and PAL activity were enhanced. The production of secondary metabolites displayed a significant negative relationship with maliondialdehyde indicating lowered oxidative stress under high CO2 and low irradiance improved the production of plant secondary metabolites that simultaneously enhanced the antioxidant activity (DPPH), thus improving the medicinal value of Labisia pumila under this condition.

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“…The effect of elevated CO 2 in some studies is less when plants are compared at the same size rather than the same age, but allometric analyses typically show differences in N m between elevated and ambient grown plants that are independent of plant size (Lutze and Gifford 1998; Harmens et al 2001; Marriott et al 2001; Bernacchi et al 2007). Some studies also show an effect of CO 2 on N m , with little or no evidence for ontogenetic drift in N m (den Hertog et al 1996; Lutze and Gifford 1998; Marriott et al 2001).…”

Section: Hypothesis Of Ontogenetic Drift In N Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are Nitrogen Concentrations in Plant Tissues Lower under Elevated CO₂? A Critical Examination of the Hypotheses

Taub

Xian-zhong

2008

JIPB

366

324

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Plants grown under elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] typically have decreased tissue concentrations of N compared with plants grown under current ambient [CO 2 ]. The physiological mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon have not been definitely established, although a considerable number of hypotheses have been advanced to account for it. In this review we discuss and critically evaluate these hypotheses. One contributing factor to the decreases in tissue N concentrations clearly is dilution of N by increased photosynthetic assimilation of C. In addition, studies on intact plants show strong evidence for a general decrease in the specific uptake rates (uptake per unit mass or length of root) of N by roots under elevated CO 2 . This decreased root uptake appears likely to be the result both of decreased N demand by shoots and of decreased ability of the soil-root system to supply N. The best-supported mechanism for decreased N supply is a decrease in transpiration-driven mass flow of N in soils due to decreased stomatal conductance at elevated CO 2 , although some evidence suggests that altered root system architecture may also play a role. There is also limited evidence suggesting that under elevated CO 2 , plants may exhibit increased rates of N loss through volatilization and/or root exudation, further contributing to lowering tissue N concentrations.Key words: carbon dioxide; dilution; elevated CO 2 ; graphical vector analysis; nitrogen; plants; root uptake; tissue concentrations. Growth of plants at atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) greater than the current ambient can greatly affect plant tissue chemistry (Poorter et al. 1997;Loladze 2002). One of the most commonly seen effects is a decrease in the dry mass concentration of N (N m ). Cotrufo et al. (1998), synthesizing data from a broad range of studies, found mean decreases in N m of 14% in aboveground tissues and 9% in roots. This compares closely with the findings of other data syntheses, which have found elevated [CO 2 ] mediated decreases in N m Received 25 Feb. 2008 Accepted 11 Jun. 2008 Supported by the Cullen Fund of Southwestern University to D. R. Taub.* Author for correspondence. Yin (2002) found that the effect of elevated [CO 2 ] was greatest for woody deciduous species and that decreases in N m under elevated CO 2 were most pronounced at high light levels, high temperatures and large pot sizes. Yin (2002) and Taub et al. (2008) both found that the effect of [CO 2 ] on N m was reduced by N fertilization. Several studies have reported that the effect of elevated [CO 2 ] on N m is less for nitrogen-fixing species than for other types of plants (Cotrufo et al. 1998; Jablonski et al. 2002;Taub et al. 2008). Ainsworth and Long (2005) and Taub et al. (2008) found that the effect of elevated CO 2 on N m increased under ozone stress (although see Taub et al. 2008 for divergent results for soybean).Although it has been well established that elevated [CO 2 ] typically decreases N m , the mechanisms by which this occurs are n...

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Modulation of carbon and nitrogen allocation in Urtica dioica and Plantago major by elevated CO2: Impact of accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates and ontogenetic drift

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Allocation of Secondary Metabolites, Photosynthetic Capacity, and Antioxidant Activity of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumilaBenth) in Response toCO2and Light Intensity

Why are Nitrogen Concentrations in Plant Tissues Lower under Elevated CO₂? A Critical Examination of the Hypotheses

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Modulation of carbon and nitrogen allocation in Urtica dioica and Plantago major by elevated CO2: Impact of accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates and ontogenetic drift

Cited by 26 publications

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Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Allocation of Secondary Metabolites, Photosynthetic Capacity, and Antioxidant Activity of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumilaBenth) in Response toCO2and Light Intensity

Why are Nitrogen Concentrations in Plant Tissues Lower under Elevated CO2? A Critical Examination of the Hypotheses

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Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on growth and allometry of five native fast‐growing annual species

Why are Nitrogen Concentrations in Plant Tissues Lower under Elevated CO₂? A Critical Examination of the Hypotheses