Modularity among horse mandibles: a study in the Araucan breed

Salamanca-Carreño, Arcesio; Casanova, Pere-Miquel Parés; Vélez-Terranova, Oscar Mauricio; Monroy-Ochoa, Néstor Ismael; Crosby-Granados, René Alejandro

doi:10.1080/09712119.2022.2070170

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To test the modularity hypothesis, "the partition of the homologous reference configuration was specified into two subsets that correspond to two hypothetical cranial modules" [29] based on differential embryonic origins: splanchnocranium (landmarks 1-3 and 6-11) and neurocranium (landmarks 4 and 5 and 12-17; Figure 2), also from the regression residuals. Although it is spatially related to facial structures, the orbital region (landmarks 12-13 and 16-17) was considered to belong to the neurocranium.…”

Section: Processing Of the Primary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is spatially related to facial structures, the orbital region (landmarks 12-13 and 16-17) was considered to belong to the neurocranium. Covariance between modules was compared against several possible alternative partitions with the same number of homologous milestones as the hypothesized modules [29] by calculating the RV coefficient [8]. "This coefficient can be considered a multivariate analog of a, Escoufier correlation" [30], "and it was calculated between the two hypothetical modules and between the set of alternative partitions, generating a distribution of values" [29,31].…”

Section: Processing Of the Primary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Covariance between modules was compared against several possible alternative partitions with the same number of homologous milestones as the hypothesized modules [29] by calculating the RV coefficient [8]. "This coefficient can be considered a multivariate analog of a, Escoufier correlation" [30], "and it was calculated between the two hypothetical modules and between the set of alternative partitions, generating a distribution of values" [29,31]. The partial least squares (PLS) method is used to study patterns of covariation between two or more sets of variables.…”

Section: Processing Of the Primary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The partial least squares (PLS) method is used to study patterns of covariation between two or more sets of variables. "PLS consists of finding correlated pairs of linear combinations (singular vectors) between two sets (or blocks) of variables, which account for the greatest possible covariation between the two blocks of original variables with the aim of trying to maximize the representation in few dimensions of the covariance structure between the sets of variables (or blocks)" [29].…”

Section: Processing Of the Primary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Basicranial Modular Organization. A Study in the Araucanian Horse of Colombia

Salamanca-Carreño

Casanova

Crosby-Granados

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The skull is divided into neurocranium and splanchnocranium, and its variation allows ecomorphological studies to learn about possible evolutionary and adaptive characteristics. The basicranial organization of the neurocranium and splanchnocranium modules was studied in a sample of 31 skulls from adult Araucanian horses by means of 2D geometric morphometric techniques. The neurocranium and splanchnocranium modules on the ventral aspect were analyzed separately using a set of 31 landmarks. The RV coefficient (the multivariate analog of a correlation) was estimated to analyze the independence of these two parts, as well as their morphological integration, using a two-block analysis of least squares. The study results confirm the modular development of the neurocranium and the splanchnocranium, the former being more stable than the latter as well as low morphological integration between the two. The development between both parties is structured in a modular way but allows relative independence. Now it would be interesting for future studies to add muscles (those that connect the cranial parts, but also the cervical), the hyoid apparatus, and the ossicles of the internal ear and the jaw and analyze if they behave as integrated modules between them. Since this research has been conducted at the subspecific breed level, it could be plausible that in other breeds, this integrative development was different.

show abstract

Section: Processing Of the Primary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%