Modifying Water–Frost Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Lime Mortar Using Siliceous and Fluidised Bed Fly Combusted Ashes Activated with Cement

Abstract

The research focuses on pozzolanic additives, which are compatible with traditional lime mortars, and enable the modification of the rheological, physical and mechanical properties of tested composites. It was noted that lime mortars with fluidised bed fly ash require sand without impurities to avoid possible ettringite crystallisation. The work presents siliceous fly ash and fluidised bed combustion fly ash to modify the frost resistance and mechanical properties of traditional lime mortars with and without the addition of cement. The results show better effects using fluidised bed ash. Traditional Portland cement CEM I 42.5R was used to activate ash and increase the results. The possibility of a significant improvement of properties is indicated with a hybrid addition to the lime binder of 15–30% ash (siliceous or fluidised bed ash) and 15–30% cement. Changing the class and type of cement provides an additional opportunity to alter the properties of the composites. For architectural reasons relating to colour, the suitability of lighter fluidised bed ash instead of darker siliceous ash and of white Portland cement instead of the traditional grey cement can be used. The proposed mortars can be the basis for future modifications with admixtures and additives, e.g., metakaolin, polymers, fibres, slag, glass powder and impregnating agents.

Advancements in the Evolution of Engineering Characteristics and Reinforcement Technologies for Subgrade Silt

“…The enhancement of silt properties through reinforcement techniques is a focal point in contemporary international research within the field of geotechnical engineering [5]. Existing studies demonstrate that the mechanical characteristics of silt can be substantially improved through the incorporation of inorganic materials such as cement, lime, and fly ash [6]. In comparison to non-reinforced soil, the augmented soil exhibits noticeable improvements across various engineering performance metrics [7].…”

Sustainable Hybrid Lime Mortars for Historic Building Conservation: Incorporating Wood Biomass Ash as a Low-Carbon Secondary Binder

“…In contrast, research on employing WBA as a pozzolanic and/or hydraulic component in the formulation of hydraulic lime, which is the focus of this research, is still limited. Previous studies have focused almost exclusively on the influence of WBA addition on the properties of air-lime mortars [28][29][30][31][32], while only a few papers in the literature place WBA within the framework of a hydraulic lime framework [33][34][35][36]. As hydraulic lime is a favorable material for use in buildings subjected to considerable atmospheric action [37,38], its value must be highlighted when used in historic buildings, instead of air-lime, which is often considered the material most like the materials originally used.…”