Modified Talbot interferometer for fabrication of fiber-optic grating filter over a wide range of Bragg wavelength and bandwidth using a single phase mask

Wang, Y.; Grant, Jason H.; Sharma, Anup; Myers, Grant A.

doi:10.1109/50.956144

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, its deployment needs a highly stable environment of the setup. To overcome these limitations, we have implemented a modified two-beam interferometric configuration for writing FBGs in our special fibers [17,18]. Fig.…”

Section: Fbg Writing In Fibers-resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser emitting 244 nm appears as virtual line sources A and B. Bragg wavelength can be varied by moving the fiber along the X-axis. The setup was used to fabricate gratings with Bragg wavelength around 1300 nm[18].A number of FBGs were written in several test fibers around 1300 nm wavelength in hydrogen-loaded standard SMF and Er 3+ -doped fibers as well as non-hydrogenated photosensitive fibers. Figs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Customized MCVD fabrication of different application-type silica optical fibers and their FBG inscription characteristics

Chaudhuri

Panda

Acharaya³

et al. 2007

Optics & Laser Technology

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Section: Fbg Writing In Fibers-resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Customized MCVD fabrication of different application-type silica optical fibers and their FBG inscription characteristics

Chaudhuri

Panda

Acharaya³

et al. 2007

Optics & Laser Technology

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“…Inscription of FBGs beyond maximum overlap (x > x 0 ) is not preferable as both fringe contrast and FBG length decrease. Incorporating both the spatial and temporal effect, the maximum length (L max ) of a FBG that can be inscribed by placing the fiber in the biprism fringe depth may be expressed as, (10) Figure 7 is a pictorial representation of the region of usable area of interference region (shaded) for FBG inscription for x ν < x s < x 0 . The horizontal dotted lines (z = ±|z ν |) parallel to optical axis represent the positions of zero fringe visibility in the fringe planes, transverse to optical axis.…”

Section: Fbg Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distributed sensing requires multiplexing of many FBGs, each of different Bragg wavelengths, in the fiber network. Both phase mask-Talbot interferometer and point-by-point technique are suitable for writing FBGs at different Bragg wavelengths [9][10][11][12]. The long arm of Talbot or mirror-based interferometers necessitates a stable UV beam for multi-pulse FBG inscription.…”

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FBG inscription by a biprism interferometer: analysis and experiment

et al. 2015

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Bragg grating is made by inducing refractive index (RI) modulation, by spatially patterned UV radiation, in the core of a photosensitive optical fiber [4][5][6][7][8]. Phase mask, interferometric and point-by-point methods are used for FBG fabrication. Phase mask technique is most efficient, but wavelength specific. Distributed sensing requires multiplexing of many FBGs, each of different Bragg wavelengths, in the fiber network. Both phase mask-Talbot interferometer and point-by-point technique are suitable for writing FBGs at different Bragg wavelengths [9][10][11][12]. The long arm of Talbot or mirror-based interferometers necessitates a stable UV beam for multi-pulse FBG inscription. The stability of fringe system in a mirror-based interferometer, involving large number of optical and mechanical components, is prone to environmental disturbances. Submicron focal spot and positional accuracy of translation stages are required for fabrication of submicron period FBG by the point-by-point method. FBG fabrication by focused femtosecond laser by point-by-point method relies on refractive index changes by multi-photon absorption [12]. Such FBGs reveal large birefringence and high degree of polarization. The prisms interferometers, simple and cost effective, are used as a method of wavefront division to holographically write first-order Bragg gratings [13][14][15][16]. A biprism interferometer offers many advantages such as high damage threshold in the absence of surface coatings, inherent fringe stability due to a single optical element, ease of fabrication and handling and suitable for Bragg wavelength tuning. FBGs at different Bragg wavelengths can be inscribed by the same biprism using a geometrically diverging UV beam incident on the biprism [17]. The tuning is accomplished by translation of the fiber in the biprism fringe depth, which avoids the necessity to rotate the biprism or changing the angle of incidence of the UV beam. The tuning can also be accomplished by changing the geometrical divergence Abstract In this paper, the effect of spatial variation of fringe visibility on the length, reflectivity and wavelength tuning of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), written by a biprism interferometer, is analyzed. The variation of fringe visibility and usable fringe area are the cumulative effect of spectral and spatial frequency spectrum of the laser source, beam profile and fringe stability. It is analytically shown that with the increase in the distance of FBG writing plane from the biprism, the saturation of UV fringes-induced refractive index modulation decreases, whereas the reflectivity of FBGs inscribed will pass through a maximum. Fiber Bragg gratings are written by a UV beam (255 nm, 5.6 kHz, 30 ns) at different distances from a 24 o refraction angle biprism. The trends on experimental results matched the analysis. The maximum reflectivities observed are of 93.6 % (12 dB) for FBGs in Ge-B co-doped fiber and 99.8 % (29 dB) for FBGs in hydrogen-loaded SMF-28 fiber, attributed to the consideration of spatial vari...

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“…Let us consider a series of Bragg layers consisting of several planes with high/low refractive indices. Bragg gratings are key components in several applications including distributed sensing, wavelength-division multiplexing and dispersion compensation in optical communications, as well as generation of ultrashort pulses (Wang et al 2001), and can be used widely to localize light.…”

Section: Geometrical Freedom In 1d Photonic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical freedom for constructing variable size photonic bandgap structures

Zarbakhsh¹,

Mohtashami

Hingerl³

2007

Opt Quant Electron

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In order to study the design flexibility of photonic bandgap structures, we investigate different examples of 1D traditional Bragg layers and 2D photonic crystals. We have also considered a simple case of 3D woodpile structures. It turns out that in systems with large gaps, the evanescent waves penetrate into the bulk only distances comparable to one lattice constant. Therefore confinement of light can also be achieved without long range order, which leads to the introduction of novel photonic bandgap designs. Adhering to some constraints, the changes in the photonic bandgap in disordered structures are negligible. The important quantity to characterize the presence or absence of modes is the local photonic density of states, however bandgap phenomena in size and position disordered arrangements can also be verified with plane wave supercell calculations as well as finite difference time domain techniques.

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Modified Talbot interferometer for fabrication of fiber-optic grating filter over a wide range of Bragg wavelength and bandwidth using a single phase mask

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Customized MCVD fabrication of different application-type silica optical fibers and their FBG inscription characteristics

Customized MCVD fabrication of different application-type silica optical fibers and their FBG inscription characteristics

FBG inscription by a biprism interferometer: analysis and experiment

Geometrical freedom for constructing variable size photonic bandgap structures

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