Modified glycogen as construction material for functional biomimetic microfibers

Rabyk, Mariia; Hrubý, Martin; Vetrík, Miroslav; Kučka, Jan; Proks, Vladimír; Pařízek, Martin; Krist, Pavel; Chvátil, David; Bačáková, Lucie; Šlouf, Miroslav; Štěpánek, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.107

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Other synthetic methods for modifying glycogen include etherification—reaction between the saccharide alcohol and an alkylating agent in the presence of a base . This method has been exploited for incorporating alkene and alkyne moieties on glycogen . It is also possible to directly install carboxylate groups on the C6 position through 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated oxidation of glycogen for subsequent amide formation through (3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐ N ′‐ethylcarbodiimide chemistry with primary amine‐containing groups.…”

Section: Functionalizing Glycogen Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The architecture of the resulting nanofibers was dependent on the starting glycogen solution concentration, ranging between 0.1 and 5 wt%. Recently, Rabyk et al reported the modification of glycogen with hydrophobic allyl and propargyl moieties under aqueous conditions ( Figure A), which likely allows functionalization both within and on the surface of the particles, followed by freeze drying and irradiation to crosslink the allyl groups through radical polymerization. The morphology of the resulting water‐insoluble films was dependent on the solution concentration used prior to freeze‐drying: a solution concentration of 0.5 wt% resulted in a fibrous structure (Figure B), whereas a solution concentration of 5 wt% resulted in a sponge‐like structure (Figure C).…”

Section: Glycogen As a Building Block Of Nanostructured Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glycogen As a Building Block Of Nanostructured Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycogen as a Building Block for Advanced Biological Materials

2019

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complex drug delivery systems that are challenging to scale up and therefore have limited clinical and commercial translation. Although numerous nanoparticles have been widely developed and used for various applications, including biomedical applications, [2] there is a growing interest in nontoxic and degradable alternatives to first-generation synthetic nanomaterials. Ideally the synthesis of such nanoparticles needs to be cost effective, simple, green, reproducible, scalable, and the constitutive building blocks of the nanoparticles should be nontoxic, functional, biodegradable, and available on a large scale. Naturally occurring nanoparticles could be such a valid alternative. These nanoparticles include intracellular structures, such as magnetosomes [3] and glycogen, and extracellular assemblies such as lipoproteins and viruses. [3] Among these, glycogen is the most abundant and versatile biological nanoparticle, which fulfils the requirements for the fabrication of nanostructured biomaterials. Glycogen is nature's prime nanoparticle that exists in most organisms, from bacteria and archaea to humans, [4,5] as a vital component of the cellular energy machinery. It is a highly branched polysaccharide comprising repeating units of glucose connected by linear α-d-(1,4) glycosidic linkages with α-d-(1,6) branching, structured into roughly spherical nanoparticles that have a high water solubility and molecular weight.The use of polysaccharides as components for advanced materials has been an attractive concept for decades. [6,7] A key motive is that polysaccharides, as a natural biomaterial, are endowed with a level of biodegradability and biocompatibility. In addition, they can be easily modified chemically or biochemically to produce functional derivatives, which are important for various therapeutic applications. [8] The structures of polysaccharides vary considerably but span from linear to highly branched polymers with molecular weights ranging from thousands to millions, composed of mono-or disaccharides, or short-chain oligomers bound together by glycosidic linkages. [9] There is a rich history of research on the use of polysaccharides in a range of therapeutic applications including: i) soft tissue engineering, [10,11] where the materials can be designed to mimic the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix in the tissue; ii) as drug, protein, or gene delivery systems, [7,12,13] where polysaccharides have a large number of reactive groups [14] that allow for tunable properties [12] such as pH-responsiveness; [15] and iii) as nanoprobes for cellular Biological nanoparticles found in living systems possess distinct molecular architectures and diverse functions. Glycogen is a unique biological polysaccharide nanoparticle fabricated by nature through a bottom-up approach. The biocatalytic synthesis of glycogen has evolved over time to form a nanometer-sized dendrimer-like structure (20-150 nm) with a highly branched surface and a dense core. This makes glycogen markedly different from other natur...

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Section: Functionalizing Glycogen Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glycogen As a Building Block Of Nanostructured Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycogen as a Building Block for Advanced Biological Materials

2019

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“…Recently, glycogen has gained attention as an advanced material for various therapeutic-based applications, [24][25] including for use as cancer targeting 26 and penetrating nanoparticles, 27 as in vivo contrast agents 28 and immunomodulators, 29 and as a component in biodegradable hydrogels, 30 films, 31 and fibers. [32][33] The intracellular synthesis of glycogen is highly regulated by various enzymatic cascades, where the biochemical pathways are uniquely adapted to the metabolic demands of each cell type, resulting in different particle structures between sources. 19,[34][35][36][37] The particle size spans from approximately 20 to 150 nm, and the particle structure consists of α-1,4 glycosidic chains of Dglucose with α-1,6 branching and a small amount of associated and bound proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Component of Oyster Glycogen Nanoparticles: An Anchor Point for Functionalization

Besford

Weiss

Schubert

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Bio-sourced nanoparticles have a range of desirable properties for therapeutic applications, including biodegradability and low immunogenicity. Glycogen, a natural polysaccharide nanoparticle, has garnered much interest as a component of advanced therapeutic materials. However, functionalizing glycogen for use as a therapeutic material typically involves synthetic approaches that can negatively affect the intrinsic physiological properties of glycogen. Herein, the protein component of glycogen is examined as an anchor point for the photopolymerization of functional poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) polymers. Oyster glycogen (OG) nanoparticles partially degrade to smaller spherical particles in the presence of protease enzymes, reflecting a population of surface-bound proteins on the polysaccharide. The grafting of PNIPAM to the native protein component of OG produces OG-PNIPAM nanoparticles of ~45 nm in diameter and 6.2 MDa in molecular weight. PNIPAM endows the nanoparticles with temperatureresponsive aggregation properties that are controllable, reversible, and which can be removed by the biodegradation of the protein. The OG-PNIPAM nanoparticles retain the native biodegradability of glycogen. Whole blood incubation assays revealed that the OG-PNIPAM nanoparticles have a low cell association and inflammatory response similar to that of OG. The reported strategy provides functionalized glycogen nanomaterials that retain their inherent biodegradability and low immune cell association.

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“…The films were used as a scaffold for growing osteoblast-like cells. 30 A stimuli-responsive hydrogel for colon-targeted drug delivery was obtained via free-radical polymerization of glycogen, modified by N-isopropylacrylamide moieties, with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker. 31 Despite the various glycogen-based materials developed to date, the use of the adhesive properties of glycogen nanoparticles for the preparation of functional interfaces remains to be examined and exploited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%