Modifications of ‘Gold Finger’ Grape Berry Quality as Affected by the Different Rootstocks

Abstract

Berry qualities of the grafted 'Gold Finger' grapevines were determined to evaluate the impacts of the resistant rootstocks on fruit quality. Compared to the own-rooted vines, berry and cluster weights and skin color were altered by the rootstocks to varying extents. The rootstock of 101-14M maintained TSS/TA and the contents of fructose, glucose, and sucrose, and SO4 decreased these parameters. 101-14M and 3309C increased and reduced the resveratrol content, respectively. SO4, 5BB, and 3309C decreased the total free amino acid content, along with the changes in amino acid composition. The amounts of aroma components were widely altered by the rootstocks. Additionally, a digital gene expression tag profiling revealed that the biological processes were largely altered by 3309C and 101-14M, including sugar, amino acid, and aroma metabolisms. In summary, the rootstock of 101-14M generally maintained berry quality, and SO4, 5BB, and 3309C imparted varying influences on different quality parameters.

Iron Supply Affects Anthocyanin Content and Related Gene Expression in Berries of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon

“…Content of sugars and acids greatly determines the organoleptic quality of grapes and the ratio of sugars to titratable acids is commonly used to evaluate fruit maturity [ 24 ]. In the present study, Fe deficiency and excess lead to poor wine grape quality, decreased RS content and increased TAC, and hence the lower RS/TAC ratio.…”

“…The genes investigated in this study are key genes in the flavonoid pathway, which are usually used in related studies [ 17 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme for phenylpropanoid metabolism, it may indirectly related to anthocyanin biosynthesis [ 34 ].…”

“…This mixture was automatically titrated with a solution of 0.05 mol·L −1 NaOH to a final pH of 8.2 (Mettler Toledo ET18 titrator; Mettler Toledo Instruments, Zurich, Switzerland). The results were expressed as grams of tartaric acid L −1 juice [ 24 , 39 ]. pH was measured with a pH meter (Mettler Toledo ET18 titrator; Mettler Toledo Instruments, Zurich, Switzerland).…”

Rootstock-Mediated Effects on Cabernet Sauvignon Performance: Vine Growth, Berry Ripening, Flavonoids, and Aromatic Profiles

“…Besides, the nitrogen capability of grapevines plays an important role in vine growth, which is closely related to grape composition, as described above. Several studies have indicated that grape compositions may be regulated by rootstocks through affecting the concentrations of amino acids in grape berries [7,9,19,20]. Jogaiah et al [7] showed that the accumulation of sugar may be affected by rootstocks through regulating the ratio of arginine to proline in berries.…”

“…At the molecular level, even though the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between rootstock and scion remains unclear, several researchers have revealed that rootstocks can mediate scions through the modification of hormones; the regulation of gene expression; and the large-scale movement of proteins, mRNAs, and small RNAs [21]. Jin et al [20] revealed that the expression of genes related to sugar, amino acids, and flavonoid metabolism in ‘Gold Finger’ berries was largely modified by rootstocks.…”