Modification of PTFE nanopowder by controlled electron beam irradiation: A useful approach for the development of PTFE coupled EPDM compounds

Khan, Mohammad Sohail; Lehmann, D.; Heinrich, Gert

doi:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.34

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Radiation induced grafting offers some unique advantages over the conventional chemical grafting method since it results in uniform grafting and it is room a temperature process [4]. Radiation grafted co-polymers have been tried for a wide spectrum of applications like surface modification [5], separation purposes [6], biotechnology [7], electrochemical applications such as electro-dialysis [8], battery separator [9] and solid polymer electrolyte in fuel cells [10]. Ion exchange membranes have been investigated for their suitability as battery separator because of their durability, long life, high charge density and appreciable ion exchange capacity at optimum water content, which is the most desirable property of the separator membranes [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Goel¹,

Bhardwaj

Manoharan³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Mutual radiation grafting technique was used to graft acrylic acid on micrometer thick micro-porous polypropylene membrane using high-energy gamma radiation. Grafting could not be achieved in aqueous acrylic acid solution. The presence of Mohr's salt effectively retarded the homopolymerization of acrylic acid but did not lead to grafting enhancement. Mohr's salt in presence of acids was found to be effective in enhancing the grafting yield. Contact angle measurement studies of the grafted and radiation treated polypropylene showed that initial grafting as well as radiation treatment of poly(propylene) in aqueous medium and in presence of Mohr's salt enhances its affinity towards the grafting solution. The enhancement in the polar component of surface energy of treated polypropylene membrane is the primary cause of grafting enhancement. The membranes grafted to an extent of ~20% were found to perform comparably with the battery separator presently being used by battery industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Goel¹,

Bhardwaj

Manoharan³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…Radiation functionalization produces PTFE micropowders containing persistent trapped-radicals radicals and functional groups on the surface of PTFE powder can be easily compounded into elastomers such as EPDM rubber. A detailed characterization related to the mechanical, friction and wear properties of PTFE-based EPDM compounds have been presented by the authors in [20,21]. In previous attempts the spectroscopic investigations revealed that during peroxide vulcanization the radiationinduced chemical changes in PTFE powder result in lower crosslinking efficiency and ultimately poor bulk properties of PTFE-EPDM composites [22,23].…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure-property effects on mechanical, friction and wear properties of electron modified PTFE filled EPDM composite

Khan¹,

Lehmann²,

Heinrich³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Tribological properties of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-rubber (EPDM) containing electron modified Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been investiagted with the help of pin on disk tribometer without lubrication for a testing time of 2 hrs in atmospheric conditions at a sliding speed and applied normal load of 0.05 m·s -1 and FN = 1 N, respectively. Radiation-induced chemical changes in electron modified PTFE powders were analyzed using Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) specroscopy to characterize the effects of compatibility and chemical coupling of modified PTFE powders with EPDM on mechanical, friction and wear properties. The composites showed different friction and wear behaviour due to unique morphology, dispersion behaviour and radiation functionalization of PTFE powders. In general, EPDM reinforced with electron modified PTFE powder demonstrated improvement both in mechanical and tribological properties. However, the enhanced compatibility of PTFE powder resulting from the specific chemical coupling of PTFE powder with EPDM has been found crucial for mechanical, friction and wear properties. Vol.3, No.1 (2009) [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.7 ene (PTFE) with its remarkably low friction coefficient has also gained interest for use in tribological applications [9][10][11][12]. In rubbers, PTFE was initially used as a reinforcing additive in Silicone and Fluorosilicone rubbers [13][14][15] and afterwards in Styrene-butadiene-rubber, Acrylonitrile-butadienerubber and Butyl rubber [16]. New PTFE-based rubber compounds and compounding procedures have been introduced in improving mechanical properties of both low-strength (ethylene propylene, silicone) and high-strength (nitrile) rubbers for O-rings, sealing and valves etc. [17]. However, PTFE especially in rubbers have not been achieved with any commercially significant success. This is mainly due to the intractability of PTFE in providing homogeneous formulation because of its poor wetting and dispersion characteristic. This problem results from the unique properties of PTFE, most probably its highly hydrophobic surface which resists wetting. There is indeed a strong motivation to investigate new techniques and procedures for the use of PTFE powder in rubber compound as solid lubricant for tribological applications. More recently, chemically coupled PTFE-polyamide [18] and PTFE-rubber [19] compounds based on the modification of PTFE powder by high energy electrons has opened a new way in producing materials for tribological applications. Radiation functionalization produces PTFE micropowders containing persistent trapped-radicals radicals and functional groups on the surface of PTFE powder can be easily compounded into elastomers such as EPDM rubber. A detailed characterization related to the mechanical, friction and wear properties of PTFE-based EPDM compounds have been presented by the authors in [20,21]. In previous attemp...

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“…Reinforcement of rubber by CB has been intensively studied. It is generally accepted that the reinforcement of elastomers and the improvement of other properties, to a large extent, are associated with the chemical and physical interactions between the polymer matrix and CB .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/low density polyethylene/rice husk biocomposites by using various additives of filler and gamma irradiation

Mohamed

Shaltout

2019

Vinyl Additive Technology

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In this work, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM)/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) (100/60) blend was loaded with 20 phr (part per hundred parts of rubber) of rice husk to give biocomposites. To improve the compatibility of this biocomposites, 7 phr of maleic anhydride was also loaded. This biocomposite was then reinforced with 40 phr of high abrasion furnace (HAF)-carbon black (N330) or 40 phr Hisil. Vulcanization of these biocomposites was carried out by gamma irradiation at doses from 50 to 250 kGy. The EPDM/LDPE blend and its biocomposites were characterized by studying the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties. Also examination by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was studied. The results indicated that gamma irradiation and fillers improved the physical and mechanical properties and the thermal stability of the obtained biocomposites. The SEM micrographs confirmed the results obtained from mechanical properties. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 25:296-302, 2019.

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Modification of PTFE nanopowder by controlled electron beam irradiation: A useful approach for the development of PTFE coupled EPDM compounds

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Structure-property effects on mechanical, friction and wear properties of electron modified PTFE filled EPDM composite

Improving the mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/low density polyethylene/rice husk biocomposites by using various additives of filler and gamma irradiation

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