Modification of polyester resins with active mineral fillers

Abstract

The technological and operational properties of polyester resins, unmodified and modified with new freely disperse fillers, were investigated. It was found that modification causes greater dependence of the viscosity on the fatigue load and acceleration of the curing reaction and an increase in the exothermic effect by 2.5-4.5 times. In addition, the strength properties of the modified composites and the water and chemical resistance and impact strength are increased. These finely disperse modifiers are of different colors so that they can act as pigments in concrete structures. Colored facing tiles fabricated from the tmlyester binders have both strength and distinctive decorative and protective properties.Unsaturated polyester resins (usually solutions of unsaturated polyesters in monomers: styrene, dimethacrylates, etc.) are the most common binders in composite materials for different applications (from buttons to yacht and aircraft parts). Their advantage over other binders which can be transformed into cross-linked polymers in polymerization or polycondensation reactions is due to such properties as low viscosity, rapid curing at room and even negative [1] temperatures, good compatibility with mineral fdlers and reinforcing fiber materials, and relatively low cost.Polyester composites containing finely disperse and granular (from sand to fine gravel) fillers and pigments are now widely used. In construction engineering, they are known as po!ymer concretes. Since these materials simulate natural decorative stone (marble, granite, jasper, onyx, malachite) in color, markings, and texture, they are used as decorative-trim tiles, in small architectural structures, sanitary engineering, in fabrication of monuments, etc.Fillers in polyester composites give them thixotropy of the properties (mastic, spackle, adhesive), decrease shrinkage and the exothermic effect in curing, decrease the thermal expansion coefficient, increase the hardness, strength, and heat resistance of the cured material, ensure a given color and markings, and decrease consumption of polymer.There are many types of mineral fillers, but local mineral raw material and industrial wastes are of the greatest technical and economic interest. A special feature of unsaturated polyester resim is their chemisorption interaction with Ca, Mg, Fe, and other oxides [2], which are the basic component in most sedimentary rocks and industrial wastes.We investigated the modifying effect of new finely disperse fillers (both natural and industrial) on the properties of polyester resins and developed composites for construction applications based on them. The fillers were selected for their mineralogical composition and low dispersion, which suggests high surface activity.Natural mineral raw material from the Shatrashansk Deposit in the Republic of Tatarstan was used: glauconite containing more than 30% iron oxide, less than 10% K20, less than 4% MgO, and zeolite-containing rock (ZCR) containing 20-24% zeolites, 20% silica, 51% clay components, and calcites (remainde...

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Influence of CaCO3 in pultruded glass fiber/unsaturated polyester resin composite on flexural creep behavior using conventional and time-temperature superposition principle methods

“…Commercial thermosetting resins are commonly used with fillers, such as unsaturated polyester resins [28], as a neat [29] and also reinforced by fibers [30]. Murafa et al, [31] stated that this unsaturated polyester resin is typically used to be filled with similar and different materials such as iron, wood, plastics, non-metals or even ceramics. Reduction of surface size occurs at room temperature by curing process.…”

The effects of low-profile additives on shrinkage and mechanical properties of cultured marble materials

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