Modification of phytochemical production and antioxidant activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi cells by exposure to static magnetic field and magnetite nanoparticles

Abstract

Dracocephlum kotschyi Boiss is a genus in Lamiaceae family and a medicinal herb native to Iran. The cell suspension cultures were treated by static magnetic eld (SMF) and Fe 3 O 4 magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) to understand the production yield of secondary metabolites. The treatment procedure was done by cultivating the cells either with 100 ppm MNP, SMFs, or simultaneous exposure to both MNP and SMFs. The SMF at 30 mT was uniformly applied to the cells either for 3 or 4 days with a 3 h per day or a 5 h per day intervals, respectively. The contents of phenolics and phytochemicals were then examined by high performance liquid chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. These treatments imposed oxidative stress and induced polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, accompanied by enhanced production of phenolics, anthocyanins, avonoids, and lignin. The highest membrane embrittlement and elicitation was found upon simultaneous application of the MNPs and SMFs, followed by the MNP and SMFs. The contents of naringin, rosmarinic acid, quercetin, thymol, carvacrol, apigenin, and rutin increased in the intracellular biomass of all treated cells and extracellular culture media. These ndings propose the potential of these elicitors in simultaneous production and secretion of these phytochemicals into culture media.

Transcriptomics and Metabolomics of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation in Near-Null Magnetic Field-Induced Arabidopsis thaliana

“…From a transcriptomic point of view, we identified different classes of “oxidases” including RBOHs and several peroxidases that play hormetic roles in both root and shoot MF-dependent oxidative stress. Our results also indicate that polyphenols represent a contributing factor involved in the antioxidant response to varying MFs and confirm previous studies indicating the modulation of flavonoids and other polyphenols by MF [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. We identified some key isoflavonoids like daidzein ( 38 ) and dihydrogenistein ( 40 ), and flavonols including dihydroquercetin-glucoside ( 26 ), quercetin-sambubioside ( 14 ), dyhydroquercetin-sambubioside ( 16 ), and isorhamnetin-sambubioside ( 23 ), along with the regulation of the associated genes such as isoflavone reductase ( At1g75290 ) and some flavonol synthases that deserve further studies.…”

Impact of Nanomaterials on Plant Secondary Metabolism

“…(Nourozi et al 2019b). Treatment of D. kotschyi cell suspension cultures with Fe 3 O 4 magnetite NPs increased the content of rosmarinic acid, naringin, carvacrol, rutin, quercetin, apigenin and thymol (Taghizadeh et al 2021).…”

Investigating the Effect of Static Magnetic Field and Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle on Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense in Dracocephalum polychaetum Cell Suspension Culture

“…There is a potential correlation between the magnetic field and its effects on living organisms, so the magnetic field directly affects the cell membrane and indirectly causes a kind of oxidative stress that increases the activity, concentration, and lifespan of free radicals [1]. Free radicals as a consequence of oxidative stress have a dual role: on one hand, they cause cell damage and on the other hand act as a signal molecule to initiate cell defense mechanisms [3]. Also, the magnetic field can cause changes or increase the activity of enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and superoxide dismutase.…”

“…The magnetic field may affect the iron homeostasis in certain cells, resulting in increased free iron in the cytoplasm and nucleus. D. polychaetum is a medicinal plant from the mint family, endemic to Iran and the Kerman province, which is used in the traditional medicine of the Kerman region due to its pleasant smell and as an antistomachache (3). Despite the few studies on the effects of magnetic fields and magnetic nanoparticles, their specific effects on plant defense systems are still unclear.…”