Modification of Electrical Properties of Graphene by Substrate-Induced Nanomodulation

Lee, Jong Kwon; Yamazaki, Shiro; Huang, Yun; Park, Jin-Woo; Kennedy, Gregor; Kim, Gyu Tae; Pietzsch, O.; Wiesendanger, R.; Lee, Sangwook; Hong, Suklyun; Dettlaff‐Weglikowska, Urszula; Roth, S.

doi:10.1021/nl400827p

Cited by 100 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…When considering utilizing graphene in real devices however, it must be recognized that its electronic and mechanical properties strongly depend on the interfacial interaction with the underlying substrate [24,25]. Due to its high out-of-plane flexibility, the morphology of graphene is dictated by the substrate geometry, which influences the measured properties through changes in electronic structure, topological defects, and chemical doping effects [26][27][28][29][30][31], and the frictional properties of graphene have been reported to have a unique dependence on the substrate surface roughness and interfacial adhesion [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

2015

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This review focuses on recent developments in the use of 2D nanomaterials for controlling the frictional properties of surfaces and interfaces. While materials such as MoS 2 and graphite have been investigated for some time, a host of other layered nanomaterials have emerged as alternatives for friction modification. These advanced lubrication schemes provide an opportunity to address growing needs in energy and materials efficiency and device compatibility, offering improved boundary and solid lubrication of contacting and sliding interfaces. Here, we describe both computational and experimental investigations of the mechanisms and implementations of 2D nanomaterials in the lubrication of interfaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

2015

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“…26 Our study combines strategies (i) to (iii) and expands the available intercalation strategies by use of molecular intercalants. Intercalation is a wellknown method to achieve charge doping in layered van-der-Waals bonded materials such as graphite or h-BN.…”

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Strain Lattice Imprinting in Graphene by C₆₀ Intercalation at the Graphene/Cu Interface

et al. 2015

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Intercalation of C60 molecules at the graphene-substrate interface by annealing leads to amorphous and crystalline structures. A comparison of topography and electronic structure with wrinkles and moiré patterns confirms intercalation. The intercalated molecules imprint a local strain/deformation on the graphene layer whose magnitude is controlled by the intermolecular distance. The crystalline intercalated structure exhibits a superlattice peak in the local density of states. This work provides control of local strain in graphene.

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“…There are several recent studies which investigate the effects of substrate induced geometrical modulations on the electronic and transport properties of graphene. [7][8][9][10] In particular, Low and coworkers 9 considered the effect on the electronic transport when graphene is deformed due to physisorption on a flat substrate presenting an abrupt step. They used a simple Lennard-Jones potential to model the substrate-graphene interaction with parameters corresponding to a step in SiC, and found that the bend itself causes an insignificant scattering of the electrons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phonon scattering in graphene over substrate steps

Sevinçli

Brandbyge

2014

Applied Physics Letters

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We calculate the effect on phonon transport of substrate-induced bends in graphene. We consider bending induced by an abrupt kink in the substrate, and provide results for different step-heights and substrate interaction strengths. We find that individual substrate steps reduce thermal conductance in the range between 5% and 47%. We also consider the transmission across linear kinks formed by adsorption of atomic hydrogen at the bends and find that individual kinks suppress thermal conduction substantially, especially at high temperatures. Our analysis show that substrate irregularities can be detrimental for thermal conduction even for small step heights. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4898066]Graphene is the material with the highest thermal conductivity reported so far, 1-3 with important prospective applications for example for thermal management of nanoelectronics. 4,5 The ultimately thin membrane adhere well to substrates and typically will ripples, wrinkles, and bubbles form when graphene is transferred onto a flat substrate. On the other hand, since graphene is known to cling to the smallest irregularities, 6 this also results in deformation and bending caused by the conformation of graphene to a irregular surface. This could, for instance, be steps in surfaces such as SiC or edges of other 2D materials such as BN. It is thus highly relevant to consider the effects of deformation on the thermal transport properties of graphene. There are several recent studies which investigate the effects of substrate induced geometrical modulations on the electronic and transport properties of graphene. [7][8][9][10] In particular, Low and coworkers 9 considered the effect on the electronic transport when graphene is deformed due to physisorption on a flat substrate presenting an abrupt step. They used a simple Lennard-Jones potential to model the substrate-graphene interaction with parameters corresponding to a step in SiC, and found that the bend itself causes an insignificant scattering of the electrons. Also, the related effect of ripples and wrinkles on electronic structure and transport in graphene on substrates has been investigated. 11-13Inspired by the study of Low et al., 9 we here consider phonon transport for a model of an abrupt step in a otherwise structureless substrate. We calculate the transport for various step-heights and interaction strengths. The effects of the substrate are two-fold. First, (i) the geometry of graphene is modulated by the irregularity of the substrate, which alters the force constants locally and therefore scatters phonons. Second, (ii) the substrate gives rise to a renormalization of the vibrational modes and increases the line widths (i.e., reduces phonon lifetimes). Here, we focus on the deformation (i) and neglect the dynamics of the structureless substrate.We find that the effect of the substrate induced bend in the graphene on the phonon transport is not negligible, and can reduce the conductance with more than 10% at room temperature. For very stro...

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Modification of Electrical Properties of Graphene by Substrate-Induced Nanomodulation

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

Strain Lattice Imprinting in Graphene by C₆₀ Intercalation at the Graphene/Cu Interface

Phonon scattering in graphene over substrate steps

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Modification of Electrical Properties of Graphene by Substrate-Induced Nanomodulation

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

2D-nanomaterials for controlling friction and wear at interfaces

Strain Lattice Imprinting in Graphene by C60 Intercalation at the Graphene/Cu Interface

Phonon scattering in graphene over substrate steps

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Strain Lattice Imprinting in Graphene by C₆₀ Intercalation at the Graphene/Cu Interface