Modification of Chitin with Kraft Lignin and Development of New Biosorbents for Removal of Cadmium(II) and Nickel(II) Ions

Abstract

Novel, functional materials based on chitin of marine origin and lignin were prepared. The synthesized materials were subjected to physicochemical, dispersive-morphological and electrokinetic analysis. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method of synthesis of functional chitin/lignin materials. Mechanism of chitin modification by lignin is based on formation of hydrogen bonds between chitin and lignin. Additionally, the chitin/lignin materials were studied from the perspective of waste water treatment. The synthetic method presented in this work shows an attractive and facile route for producing low-cost chitin/lignin biosorbents with high efficiency of nickel and cadmium adsorption (88.0% and 98.4%, respectively). The discovery of this facile method of synthesis of functional chitin/lignin materials will also have a significant impact on the problematic issue of the utilization of chitinous waste from the seafood industry, as well as lignin by-products from the pulp and paper industry.

Adhesive Stalks of Diatom Didymosphenia geminata as a Novel Biological Adsorbent for Hazardous Metals Removal

“…Due to the large amounts of complex extracellular biopolymers in the adhesive stalks produced by D. geminata , these structures would be expected to have metal removal applications similar to those of other polysaccharides . Therefore, they were tested for use as a novel fibrous adsorbent of lead(II), nickel(II), and cadmium(II) from model solutions and wastewater.…”

Chitin‐halloysite nanoclay hydrogel composite adsorbent to aqueous heavy metal ions

“…However, in order to further investigate the adsorption mechanism, XPS spectra were determined as shown in Figure for the wide scan of the samples treated with before (a) and after (b) the uptake of Pb 2+ ion. In the wide spectra, typical results of the structural compositions of CT were observed 284.4 eV attributed to all other non‐functionalized sp 2 and sp 3 carbon atoms, and at 399.4 eV to the amine group of CT . In the case of HNC, the wide‐scan spectra showed the characteristic peaks of O1s, Si 2p/2 s, and Al 2p/2 s .…”

Depolymerization and Activation of Lignin: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives

“…ions [7], polymer fillers [8][9][10][11], innovative systems with antibacterial properties [12], components in abrasive products [13,14], and substances used in the catalytic reduction of synthetic dyes, in sensors, and in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [15,16]. There are also reports of systems in which lignin is combined with titanium dioxide [17], magnetite [18], and the oxide systems MgO•SiO 2 [19,20] or TiO 2 •SiO 2 [17], as well as chitin, another natural polymer occurring as a waste product [21,22]. All of these systems have been used as effective sorbents of environmentally hazardous metal ions, and the chitin-lignin system can also be used as an enzyme carrier.…”