Modification of Ceramic Membranes with Carbon Compounds for Pharmaceutical Substances Removal from Water in a Filtration—Adsorption System

Abstract

The aim of this work is to develop a new type of carbon-ceramic membranes for the removal of pharmaceutical substances from water. The membranes were prepared by the chemical modification method using an organosilicon precursor—octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS). Graphene oxide, multi-walled carbon nanotubes with carboxylic groups, and single-walled carbon nanotubes were used in the modification process. The filtration properties and adsorption properties of the developed membranes were tested. In order to characterize the membrane, the water permeability, the change of the permeate flux in time, and the adsorbed mass of the substance were determined. Additionally, the surface properties of the membranes were characterized by contact angle measurements and porosimetry. The antibiotic tetracycline was used in the adsorption tests. Based on the results, the improved adsorption properties of the modified membrane in relation to the unmodified membrane were noticed. Novel ceramic membranes modified with MWCNT are characterized by 45.4% removal of tetracycline and permeate flux of 520 L·h·m−2·bar−1. We demonstrated the ability of modified membranes to adsorb pharmaceuticals from water streams that are in contact with the membrane. Novel membranes retain their filtration properties. Therefore, such membranes can be used in an integrated filtration–adsorption process.

Flat sheet metakaolin ceramic membrane for water desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

“…Contact angle values of modified membranes were higher than for unmodified membranes, which indicate that grafting the membrane surface revealed a highly hydrophobic character. Similar phenomena have been observed in previous studies (Kujawa et al 2014a;Wang et al 2016;Yang et al 2017;Hubadillah et al 2018cHubadillah et al , 2019cPolak et al 2021;Saud et al 2021;Twibi et al 2021).…”

A Peptide-Based Hydrogel for Adsorption of Dyes and Pharmaceuticals in Water Remediation

“…Various advanced technologies have been developed for the removal of dyes and PhACs from water, including advanced oxidation techniques, membrane filtration, adsorption, and membranes with sorption capacities [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Adsorption stands out due to its low energy consumption, easy operation, and high efficiency [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Carbon-based composites for removal of pharmaceutical components from water

“…CNTs are divided into two main types based on cylindrical shells' number, which include multi-walled CNTs (MWCNT) and single-walled CNTs (SWCNT). Each end of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) which has a cylindrical's diameter about 0.42nm, is capped with a ring of graphite [63,64]. MWCNTs, on the other hand, take the form of concentrically arranged cylinders whose diameters range from 2 to 25 nm and whose layer-to-layer spacing is 0.34 nm [33].…”