Modification of a nicotinic acid functionalized water‐soluble acrylamide sulfonate copolymer for chemically enhanced oil recovery

Abstract

N,N-Diallyl nicotinamide (DANA) and acrylic acid (AA) were used to react with acrylamide (AM) and synthesize a novel nicotinic acid functionalized water-soluble copolymer AM/AA/DANA by redox free-radical polymerization. Then, the acrylamide/sodium acrylamido methanesulfonate/acrylic acid/N,N-diallyl nicotinamide (AM/AMS/AA/DANA) was obtained by the introduction of the ASO 3 2 group into AM/AA/DANA after sulfomethylation. The optimal reaction conditions, such as the monomer ratio, initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and pH of the copolymerization or sulfomethylation, were investigated. Both AM/AA/ DANA and AM/AMS/AA/DANA were characterized by IR spectroscopy, 1 H-NMR, scanning electron microscopy, and intrinsic viscosity testing. We found that the AM/AMS/AA/DANA had a remarkable temperature tolerance (120 C, viscosity retention rate 5 39.8%),shear tolerance (1000 s 21 , viscosity retention rate 5 23.3%), and salt tolerance (10 g/L NaCl, 1.5 g/L MgCl 2 , 1.5 g/L CaCl 2 , viscosity retention rates 5 37.4, 27.5, and 21.6%). In addition, the result of the core flood test showed that the about 13.1% oil recovery could be enhanced by 2.0 g/L AM/AMS/AA/DANA at 70

A complex based on imidazole ionic liquid and copolymer of acrylamide and phenoxyacetamide modification for clay stabilizer

“…The intrinsic viscosities [η] of the copolymers were measured with Ubbelohde viscometer at 30 ± 0.1°C . The copolymers were dissolved and diluted to five different concentrations ( C = 0.0010, 0.00067, 0.00050, 0.00033, 0.00025 g/L) with 1 mol/L NaCl solution.…”

“…Later, the solutions were frozen rapidly using liquid nitrogen. And then, the frozen samples were imaged by a Quanta450 environmental scanning electron microscope (FEI, USA) …”

Thermally stable imidazoline-based sulfonate copolymers for enhanced oil recovery

“…The conversion was calculated by the residual AM of precipitated the polymer in ethanol, following equation 1: 36 here W(%) is the conversion of AM suggesting the conversion of copolymer; W AM is the total weight of AM before reaction; A and A 0 are the chromatographic peak areas of the residual AM in ethanol and the standard sample AM, respectively; C 0 is the concentration of standard sample AM solution; V is the volume of ethanol solution precipitated by the polymer.…”

Self‐assembled acrylamide‐based copolymer/surfactant with high‐temperature resistance for enhanced oil recovery

“…In our previous work, we made many attempts to modify the structures of polyacrylamides to retain their excellent performance under high‐temperature and high‐salt conditions . The results indicate that polymers containing a rigid aromatic ring on the side chains can provide a π–π stacking point and exhibit outstanding shear stability, but their apparent viscosity retention rates are less than 40% when the temperature rises from 30 to 120 °C . In addition, we also introduced the cationic monomer diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and the anionic monomer 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid into polymer chains to improve their electrostatic forces and solubility …”