Thermally stable imidazoline-based sulfonate copolymers for enhanced oil recovery

Abstract

Novel imidazoline-based sulfonate copolymers (noted PAMDSCM and PAMPSCM) were successfully prepared by copolymerization of acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), 1-acrylamido ethyl-2-oleic imidazoline (ACEIM) with the sodium salts of 3-(diallyl-amino)-2-hydroxypropyl (NDS) or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), respectively. The copolymers were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy, pyrene fluorescence probe spectroscopy, viscosimetry and thermogravimetry (TG). Both PAMDSCM and PAMPSCM copolymers had excellent high-temperature tolerance in comparison with the same concentration of HPAM, and the residual viscosities were 32.0 mPa•s and 31.3 mPa•s (viscosity retention rates were 38.8% and 37.1%) at 140 o C, respectively. The copolymers possessed superior long-term thermal stability and their residual viscosity rates were up to 81.8% and 63.8% (52.9 mPa•s and 47.1 mPa•s) lasted 1.5 hours at 100 o C and 170 s -1 , respectively.

Potential of a β-Cyclodextrin/Adamantane Modified Copolymer in Enhancing Oil Recovery through Host–Guest Interactions

“…As the easy-to-develop type I reservoirs are depleted, type II and III reservoirs, which are characterized by high temperature and salinity, become the next target; therefore, developing a chemically robust polymer for EOR is needed. Acrylamide (AM) copolymerized with proper functional monomers can yield an acrylamide-based copolymer having better temperature resistance, salt tolerance, and antishearing performance. − Hydrophobically associating polymers (HAP) is a kind of modified acrylamide copolymer that can be obtained by introducing a small amount of hydrophobic groups (generally less than 2 mol %) into acrylamide-based copolymer backbone. − The reversible three-dimensional network structures can be formed by the intermolecular association of the hydrophobic groups, which thus results in a significant increase in polymer solution viscosity and an excellent antishearing property. , Meanwhile, the appropriate increasing of temperature and mineralization can somewhat enhance the hydrophobic association and further increase the viscosity of the polymer solution. Therefore, in terms of thickening ability, HAP significantly outperforms HPAM and PAM as a result of hydrophobic associations.…”

Unraveling the dependence of proton transfer on solvent polarity in ion pairs of carbamates and dithiocarbamates with nitrogen‐based counterions

“…[ 1,2 ] Thus, there has been a long‐standing interest to understand the structures and properties of ion pairs. [ 3–6 ] In that regard, we have examined, especially, the behavior of ion pairs with different cations and either carbamate or dithiocarbamate anions in a variety of condensed media. [ 7–11 ]…”

High‐viscoelastic graft modified chitosan hydrophobic association polymer for enhanced oil recovery

“…Core displacement experiments showed that the polymer can improve oil recovery by 10-15%. 30,31 Liu et al prepared an amphoteric internal salt polymer containing imidazoline, which has good thinning, stress resistance, shear recovery, viscoelasticity, and temperature resistance. 32 Chitosan (CS) is a polycationic polysaccharide with unique physical, chemical properties and biological functionality, and it is a very promising natural degradable polymer material.…”

“…When the imidazoline structure was introduced, the polymer had higher temperature and salt resistance and shear stability. Core displacement experiments showed that the polymer can improve oil recovery by 10–15% 30,31 . Liu et al prepared an amphoteric internal salt polymer containing imidazoline, which has good thinning, stress resistance, shear recovery, viscoelasticity, and temperature resistance 32…”