Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Wagan, Abrar Ahmed; Haider, Syed Nayab; Ahmed, Rukhsar; Shafiq, Fuad; Nasir, Sadia

doi:10.12669/pjms.334.12798

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…We observed female predominance with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3.1. Our observation is in line with that of Wagan et al They evaluated RA presenting at Central Park Medical College Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, and observed a similar female predominance with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3.1 [19]. In addition, similar female predominance (M:F; 1:3.0) has also been reported by Zafar et al (2016) among RA patients presenting at Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Frequency of Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Hospital-Based Study

Iqbal¹,

Khan²,

Hassan³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction: Among various extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most frequent and concerning manifestation. The reported frequency of RA-associated ILD (RA-ILD) varies in the literature. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of ILD in RA patients at a teaching hospital in Rawalpindi.Methods: 175 male and female patients between 18-70 years were enrolled in the study from January 21, 2022, till July 24, 2022. Patients diagnosed with RA were screened for the concomitant presence of ILD (increased pulmonary markings on chest X-rays and total lung capacity ≤ 80%, predicted on pulmonary function tests). In addition, the frequency of RA-ILD was noted and compared across various subgroups of patients based on age, gender, and disease duration.Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.3 ± 11.5 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:3.1. The mean disease duration was 6.2 ± 3.5 years at the time of presentation. A total of 118 (67.4%) patients were diagnosed with RA-ILD. The frequency of RA-ILD was significantly higher among patients with a prolonged duration of disease, < 5 years vs. ≥ 5 years (59.1% vs. 75.9%; p-value=0.018). Among 118 patients with RA-ILD, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) was the most frequent pattern and was noted in 74 (62.7%) patients, followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP), which was noted in 44 (37.3%) patients. When compared, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of high-resolution CT (HRCT) pattern of RA-ILD across various subgroups of patients based on age (p-value=0.969), gender (p-value=0.934), and duration of disease (p-value=0.881). Conclusion:In the present study, a substantial proportion of RA patients suffered RA-ILD, which warrants routine screening of these patients for undiagnosed pulmonary involvement so that timely identification and anticipated management may improve the outcome of such cases in future clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Frequency of Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Hospital-Based Study

Iqbal¹,

Khan²,

Hassan³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Hypertension, DM, obesity, and moderate‐high FRS had commonly observed comorbidities among patients with RA in our study. Aging is a considerable risk factor for those CVD risk factors 15,16 . The findings of our study are consistent with these facts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Aging is a considerable risk factor for those CVD risk factors. 15,16 The findings of our study are consistent with these facts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cardiovascular risk factors among Jordanian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cohort study

Al Zo’ubi,

Al Tarawneh,

Al Zaydi

et al. 2023

Int J of Rheum Dis

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Aim To determine the frequency of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Jordan. Method During this study, 158 patients with RA were enlisted from the outpatient rheumatology clinic at King Hussein Hospital of the Jordanian Medical Services, from 1 June 2021, to 31 December 2021. Demographic data and disease duration were recorded. After 14 h of fasting, venous blood samples were drawn to determine the levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein, and low‐density lipoprotein. History of smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension was recorded. Body mass index and Framingham's 10‐year risk score (FRS) were calculated for each patient. Disease duration was noted. Results The mean age of the male population was 49.29 years and that of the female population was 46.06 years. Most of the study population were female (78.5%) and 27.2% of the study population had one modifiable risk factor. The most frequent risk factors observed in the study were obesity (38%) and dyslipidemia (38%). Diabetes mellitus was the least frequent risk factor, with a frequency of 14.6%. The FRS differed significantly between the sexes, with the risk score of men being 9.80, whereas that of women was 5.34 (p < .00). Regression analysis revealed that age increased the odds ratio of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and a high‐to‐moderate FRS by 0.7%, 10.9%, 0.33%, and 10.3%, respectively. Conclusion Rheumatoid arthritis patients have increased chances of developing cardiovascular risk factors leading to cardiovascular events.

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“…According to some reports, at least one modifiable CV risk factor can be observed in 78.5% of RA patients [ 10 ]. Differences regarding the prognostic importance of traditional CV risk factors, as compared with prior history of CV events, also remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicenter evaluation of tofacitinib retention and safety in rheumatoid arthritis – why cardiovascular risk factors do not equate to overt risk

Felis-Giemza,

Moskal,

Proc

et al. 2024

Reumatologia

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IntroductionThis multicenter, real-world, retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib (TOFA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Material and methodsTwo hundred nine patients with active RA treated with TOFA, unresponsive to at least 2 conventional synthetic disease-modifying drugs, were recruited. Clinical characteristics were extracted from an electronic registry and supplemented with manual chart review and data linkage with ambulatory care. Drug retention and reasons for discontinuation were evaluated.ResultsMedian (interquartile range) follow-up in the whole sample was 16.9 (5.93–31.7) months. Mean (standard deviation) age was 51.44 (±11.84) years, with female predominance (<i>n</i> = 168, 80.4%). Only 30 patients (14.4%) had no pre-existing traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factor at TOFA initiation. Tofacitinib retention rates were high, with median survival estimated at 89.3% at 6 months, 82.4% at 12 months, and 60.4% at 24 months. Ineffectiveness was the primary cause of discontinuation (<i>n</i> = 50). The rate of adverse events (AEs) was relatively low, with lipid abnormalities, blood count alterations, and infectious events among the most common. No major adverse CV event was reported. The incidence rate of AEs necessitating treatment switch was 60.34 (95% CI: 37–92) per 1,000 per-son-years of follow-up. Presence of multiple (> 3) CV risk factors was associated with lower odds of TOFA retention and treatment effectiveness.ConclusionsTofacitinib demonstrated high retention rates and a favorable safety profile in RA patients, including those with traditional CV risk factors. Tofacitinib may be a valuable treatment option for RA patients when combined with individualized CV risk management. Further studies are warranted to explore the long-term effects of TOFA and its CV impact in larger populations.

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Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Frequency of Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Hospital-Based Study

Frequency of Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Hospital-Based Study

Cardiovascular risk factors among Jordanian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cohort study

Multicenter evaluation of tofacitinib retention and safety in rheumatoid arthritis – why cardiovascular risk factors do not equate to overt risk

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