Modernization, age structure, and regional context: A cross‐national study of crime

Ortega, Suzanne T.; Corzine, Jay; Burnett, Cathleen; Poyer, Tracey

doi:10.1080/02732173.1992.9982000

Cited by 48 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This suggests that economic development does not have a greater negative effect on homicide in countries with lower rates of social capital, or, conversely, that economic development dampens the effect of social capital on homicide. Interestingly, these findings counter much of the previous work supporting Durkheimian theories of crime and deviance (e.g., Krohn 1978;Messner 1982;Quinney 1965;Ortega et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…Although diagnostics reveal that multicollinearity 8 and the partialling fallacy 9 likely do not bias the results, we exclude 7 We code the following countries as FSE: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Belarus, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Republic of Macedonia, and Serbia and Montenegro. In alternative analyses, we explored other geopolitical regions outlined by Cole and Gramajo (2009) including dummies for Sub-Saharan African countries and Middle Eastern Crescent countries (also see Ortega et al 1992). None of these alternative geopolitical dummy variables were statistically significant when paired with FSE or the other controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Capital, Economic Development, and Homicide: A Cross-National Investigation

Robbins

Pettinicchio

2011

Soc Indic Res

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This article draws from an ongoing debate over explanations of homicide. Within this debate, we investigate the pro-social effects of civil society and social capital. Few cross-national studies explore whether elements of social capital either increase or decrease homicide. The cross-national work that does is often characterized by small, homogeneous samples and the use of inappropriate statistical techniques. Replicating elements of Lederman et al.'s (Econ Dev Cult Change 50:509-539, 2002) original study but with wave IV World Values Survey data and negative binomial regression, we find weak support for the beneficial consequences of social capital on homicide. One dimension of social capital, however, does exhibit a significant negative association with homicide rates, net of other influences: social activism. We also fail to support the Durkheimian hypothesis that the negative effect of social capital on homicide is conditional on modernization. We explore the implications of the findings along with avenues for future research.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Capital, Economic Development, and Homicide: A Cross-National Investigation

Robbins

Pettinicchio

2011

Soc Indic Res

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“…Countries with high GDP are likely to have high theft rates. This finding is consistent with the results from a handful of prior studies (Neapolitan 1995;Ortega et al 1992). Table 5 summarizes the direct, indirect, and total effects of all exogenous and intervening variables for homicide and theft.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In one study (McDonald 1976), for example, GNP exerts a significant effect on only 3 out of 10 homicide models and it is not related to juvenile and property crimes. In another study (Ortega et al, 1992), GNP exhibits a significant influence on all larceny and theft models and on one-third of the homicide models. Table 2 summarizes the results of multivariate regression analyses of the effect of relative deprivation on crime.…”

Section: Economic Deprivation and Crimementioning

confidence: 88%

A Cross-National Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Economic Deprivation on Crime

2010

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This study develops and tests a model of economic deprivation and crime using data from 52 nations for the years 1995-1999. The model, centering on the role of absolute and relative economic deprivation in mediating crime, predicts that social change causes variation in economic deprivation, which, in turn, leads to variation in crime rates. The results show that the relative deprivation variable, income inequality, mediates a large portion of the effects of two social change variables, population growth and urbanization, on homicide, while one of the absolute deprivation variables, GDP, transmits a great part of the effects of social change variables on theft. Both social change variables were found to have a weak direct connection to homicide and theft rates. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.

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“…Moreover, rates of youth violence rise in times of armed conflict and repression, and when the whole of society is caught up in social and political change FIGURE 4 Estimated homicide rates among youths aged 10--29 years, 2000 a a Rates were calculated by WHO region and country income level and then grouped according to magnitude. (52,53). Rates of youth violence are also higher in countries where social protection policies are weak, income inequality is high, and where a culture of violence prevails (54)(55)(56).…”

Section: Young People and Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Carrying weapons and intent to harm among Victorian secondary school students in 1999 and 2009

Hemphill

Tollit

Romaniuk

et al. 2013

Medical Journal of Australia

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Research outh violence (for example, carrying a weapon or attacking someone with intent to harm) is one of the most important social and public health problems worldwide. 1-3 The costs of youth violence stem from harm caused to victims, as well as policing and criminal justice responses and community perceptions of reduced safety. 3,4 Violence was listed in the top three issues concerning young Australians in 2010. 5 Eight per cent of Victorian students in Years 7 and 9 engaged in violent behaviour in 2002, with higher rates among boys than girls. 6 In addition, rates of youth violence are higher in disadvantaged communities 7 and in regional communities with unstable populations and economic structures as well as high unemployment, 8 and lower among youths from immigrant families. 9 There have been reports of increases in violent offences perpetrated by youth in Australia 10 and media reports suggest more youth are violent. 11,12 National population-based surveys could measure whether rates of selfreported violence among youth have changed over time, but Australia does not have such surveys. In this article, we analyse data from Victorian surveys of secondary school students in 1999 and 2009 to examine whether rates of carrying a weapon and attacking someone with intent to harm have increased, after adjusting for sample demographic characteristics.

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Modernization, age structure, and regional context: A cross‐national study of crime

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Social Capital, Economic Development, and Homicide: A Cross-National Investigation

Social Capital, Economic Development, and Homicide: A Cross-National Investigation

A Cross-National Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Economic Deprivation on Crime

Carrying weapons and intent to harm among Victorian secondary school students in 1999 and 2009

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