Modernistic and Emerging Developments of Nanotechnology in Glioblastoma-Targeted Theranostic Applications

Abstract

Brain tumors such as glioblastoma are typically associated with an unstoppable cell proliferation with aggressive infiltration behavior and a shortened life span. Though treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are available in combating glioblastoma, satisfactory therapeutics are still not available due to the high impermeability of the blood–brain barrier. To address these concerns, recently, multifarious theranostics based on nanotechnology have been developed, which can deal with diagnosis and therapy together. The multifunctional nanomaterials find a strategic path against glioblastoma by adjoining novel thermal and magnetic therapy approaches. Their convenient combination of specific features such as real-time tracking, in-depth tissue penetration, drug-loading capacity, and contrasting performance is of great demand in the clinical investigation of glioblastoma. The potential benefits of nanomaterials including specificity, surface tunability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, ligand functionalization, and near-infrared (NIR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging are sufficient in developing effective theranostics. This review discusses the recent developments in nanotechnology toward the diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy regarding glioblastoma.

Advanced biomaterials for human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) drug delivery

“…These modified nano-scale biomaterials can cross the BBB and increase chemo drug sensitivity through enhanced accumulation and efficiency. 93 The combination of specific and physio-chemical properties of biomaterials, including real-time tracking, permeability into deep parts of tumors, high capacity for drug loading, and contrasting performance, are their main advantages in GBM clinical investigations. The major advantages of nanoscale biomaterials include their specificity, surface tunability, potential immune stimulation, biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, ligand functionalization, and near-infrared (NIR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging.…”

Recent advancements and theranostics strategies in glioblastoma therapy

“…Nanocarriers can reduce the integrity of intra-cellular membranes and make the different cell components (mitochondria, nucleus, lysosome, Golgi apparatus, etc.) vulnerable, causing cell death after damaging intracellular homeostasis [110]. Despite extensive study, no GBM treatment has been developed that actually benefits patients on its own.…”

Nanomaterials in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

“…Our Special Issue also covers some high-quality review articles. For instance, the review of Buddolla et al, "Modernistic and Emerging Developments of Nanotechnology in Glioblastoma-Targeted Theranostic Applications" [12], is based on the potential benefits of nanomaterials, which include their specificity, surface tunability, biodegradability, nontoxicity, and ligand functionalization; furthermore, near-infrared and photoacoustic imaging are sufficient in developing effective theranostics. This review discusses the recent developments in nanotechnology toward diagnoses, drug delivery, and therapy regarding glioblastoma.…”