Moderate hearing loss is related with social frailty in a community-dwelling older adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS)

Yoo, Myung Hoon; Kim, S.; Kim, B.S.; Yoo, Jee Hong; Lee, S.; Jang, Hak Chul; Cho, B.L.; Son, Sang Joon; Lee, J.H.; Park, Y.S.; Roh, Eun; Kim, H.J.; Lee, S.G.; Kim, B.J.; Kim, M.J.; Won, Chang Won

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2019.04.004

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…First, although we extensively adjusted for age and other important confounders, residual confounding might still be present. For example, frailty and psychosocial well-being may confound our results as those are known to be highly related to age-related hearing loss [1,51]. Second, dementia incidence of participants with a baseline hearing assessment is small (N = 15), precluding the possibility to analyze whether hearing loss is associated with an increased risk of dementia in this sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing loss and cognitive decline in the general population: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background Previous studies identifying hearing loss as a promising modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline mostly adjusted for baseline age solely. As such a faster cognitive decline at a higher age, which is expected considering the non-linear relationship between cognition and age, may have been overlooked. Therefore it remains uncertain whether effects of hearing loss on cognitive decline extend beyond age-related declines of cognitive function. Methods 3,590 non-demented participants were eligible for analysis at baseline, and a maximum of 837 participants were eligible for the longitudinal analysis. Hearing loss was defined at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at baseline and at follow-up (4.4 years [SD: 0.2]). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used for the cross-sectional analysis. Linear mixed models were used to assess the longitudinal association between hearing loss and cognitive decline over time while adjusting for confounders and the interaction of age and follow-up time. Results Hearing loss was associated with lower cognitive function at baseline. Moreover, hearing loss was associated with accelerated cognitive decline over time on a memory test. After additionally adjusting for the interaction between age and follow-up time, we found that hearing loss did not accelerate cognitive decline anymore. Conclusions Hearing loss was associated with lower cognitive function at baseline and accelerated cognitive decline on a memory test. The association between hearing loss and accelerated cognitive decline was non-significant after additional adjustment for non-linear age effects. More evidence is needed to ensure the role of hearing loss as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing loss and cognitive decline in the general population: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…Frailty was associated with long sleep latency in elderly male subjects and with sleeping for more than 8 hours in elderly female subjects 37. Moreover, our previous study showed that moderate hearing loss was strongly associated with social frailty 38. The prevalence of frailty was reported to increase with a daily sodium intake of>3575 mg 39.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Korean frailty and aging cohort study (KFACS): cohort profile

et al. 2020

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PurposeThe purpose of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) is to initiate a nationwide, population-based prospective cohort study of older adults living in the community to assess their frailty status and explore transitions between frailty states over time in Korea.ParticipantsThe KFACS is a multicentre longitudinal study with the baseline survey conducted from May 2016 to November 2017. Each centre recruited participants using quota sampling stratified by age and sex. The number of participants recruited through 2 years of baseline study from 10 centres was 3014, with each site accounting for approximately 300 participants. The inclusion criteria were: having an age of 70–84 years, currently living in the community, having no plans to move out in the next 2 years, having no problems with communication and no prior dementia diagnosis.Findings to dateTo define physical frailty, the KFACS used a modified version of the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) consisting of five components of frailty: unintended weight loss, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, slowness and low physical activity. In the baseline study of 2016–2017, 2907 of 3014 individuals fulfilled all five components of FFP. The results indicated that 7.8% of the participants (n=228) were frail, 47.0% (n=1366) were prefrail and 45.2% (n=1313) were robust. The prevalence of frailty increased with age in both sexes; in the group aged 70–74 years, 1.8% of men and 3.7% of women were frail, whereas in the 80–84 years age group, 14.9% of men and 16.7% of women were frail. Women tended to exhibit a higher prevalence of frailty than men in all age groups.Future plansThe KFACS plans to identify outcomes and risk factors associated with frailty by conducting a 10-year cohort study, with a follow-up every 2 years, using 3014 baseline participants.

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“…Visual impairment was determined when the maximum value of left and right vision was < 0.3 [36]. Hearing impairment was identified as the minimum of the average value of left and right hearing exceeding 40 dB [37]. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability was determined when participants did not answer "completely independent" for one or more of the 10 activities using the Korea Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (K-IADL) [38].…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome Using Three-Item Recall Test and Its Associations with Fall-Related Outcomes: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

Shim

Kim

Won

2020

IJERPH

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Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is originally defined as the presence of subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and slow gait (SG). MCR is well known to be useful for predicting adverse health outcomes, including falls and dementia. However, around four out of five older Korean adults reported SCCs, thereby, it may not be discriminative to define MCR in Korea. We adopted the three-item recall (3IR) test, instead of SCCs, to define MCR. This cross-sectional analysis included 2133 community-dwelling older adults aged 70–84 years, without dementia or any dependence in activities of daily living from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. The newly attempted criteria of MCR using 3IR were met by 105 participants (4.9%). MCR using 3IR showed synergistic effects on fall-related outcomes, whereas the conventional definition of MCR using SCCs was not superior to SG only. MCR using 3IR was associated with falls (odds ratio [OR]: 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–3.16), recurrent falls (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.12–4.32), falls with injury (OR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.22–3.22), falls with fracture (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.09–5.79), fear of falling (OR: 3.00; 95% CI: 1.83–4.92), and low activities-specific balance confidence (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.57–6.25). We found that MCR using 3IR could be useful in predicting fall-related outcomes in a cultural background reporting more SCCs, such as Korea.

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Moderate hearing loss is related with social frailty in a community-dwelling older adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS)

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

Hearing loss and cognitive decline in the general population: a prospective cohort study

Hearing loss and cognitive decline in the general population: a prospective cohort study

Korean frailty and aging cohort study (KFACS): cohort profile

Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome Using Three-Item Recall Test and Its Associations with Fall-Related Outcomes: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

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