Models of technology transfer. (A dialectical case study)

Berniker, Eli

doi:10.1109/picmet.1991.183700

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We collected 98 types of mediums from eight publications and two brainstorming sessions, reducing them to 64 after a duplication analysis. Due to this large number and the need for commonly understood terms, we ended up with a two-layer classification schema (Table 1) using the TT models collected by Pfleeger [7] (from [2]) and expanding them where no match was possible. The rule model [12] (which is transversal and simply means that TT is enforced), the organizational model (e.g., company acquisitions), and the "informal cooperation" from the cooperative model were excluded because of our scope.…”

Section: Sg2 -Medium Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bridging the gap: SE technology transfer into practice

Diebold

Vetrò

2014

Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement

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Background: Particularly during and after research projects, technology transfer into practice plays an important role for academia to get technologies into use and for industry to improve their development. Objective: Our goal was to gain more and current knowledge about how technology transfer from software engineering (SE) research into industrial practice is accomplished best and how to measure the effectiveness of this transfer.Method: We conducted a study in the context of two German research projects, covering many different organizations from industry and academia. Results: This paper presents the design of the study and the survey performed. After introducing the concept of technology transfer we used and adapted, we present preliminary results. Conclusions: We observed that traditional means such as meetings or workshops are still the most widely used mediums for technology transfer in SE. We also discovered that, even though the duration of transfer depends on the object being transferred, the average duration is three years, which is far less than previously published (~18 years).

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Section: Sg2 -Medium Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main focus was on the goals for TT. We asked this in an open question for two reasons: (1) to check whether goals are the same as motivations; (2) to understand how to do measurements in follow-up projects regarding these goals.…”

Section: Sg3 -Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap: SE technology transfer into practice

Diebold

Vetrò

2014

Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement

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“…This, in turn, raises questions about organisational policy, as there is no doubt that few organisations would currently consider the purchase of R&D support and the negotiation of contracts to be so easy to handle as, for example, that of catering, cleaning or plant maintenance (Berniker, 1997;Steensma, 1996). However, there are some parallels with Information Technology decisions, where outsourcing and contract management is increasingly common.…”

Section: Moving To A`business' Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, business units are increasingly making comparisons between using internal facilities and outsourcing for specific scientific and technical needs, based on cost, timing and quality in situations where they are capable of making judgements about these attributes. This, in turn, raises questions about organisational policy, as there is no doubt that few organisations would currently consider the purchase of R&D support and the negotiation of contracts to be so easy to handle as, for example, that of catering, cleaning or plant maintenance (Berniker, 1997;Steensma, 1996). However, there are some parallels with Information Technology decisions, where outsourcing and contract management is increasingly common.…”

Section: Moving To A`business' Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

R&D as a business – what are the implications for performance measurement?

2000

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There have been considerable changes in the way that Research and Development (R&D) has been managed over recent years, many of which have been influenced by the external environment. These have been discussed in a number of publications with much of the debate centring around the movement from the so-called first generation to fifth generation models of R&D management.What has not been debated to the same extent are the implications of recent and likely future trends in R&D management for the way performance is, and should be, measured. In this paper we focus on these implications, drawing upon both the existing literature on performance measurement (PM) in R&D and our own research into organisations which have chosen to move towards a more profit-centred approach to the management of their technical resources.Finally, we present and discuss the findings of our review, which indicate that although there are common features, some differences, requiring careful consideration by management, can be identified when movement from a cost-to a profit-centred approach occurs.

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“…Using the dialectic method, Berniker identified four models of technology transfer: The People‐Mover Model, The Communication Model, The On‐The‐Shelf Model, and The Vendor Model. Moreover, there exist several models that describe the technology transfer process .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches, success factors, and barriers for technology transfer in software engineering—Results of a systematic literature review

Brings

Daun

Brinckmann

et al. 2018

J Software Evolu Process

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Introduction: Technology transfer aims at supporting the transfer of results from software engineering research from academia to industrial application.Objective: This paper reports on the current state of technology transfer in software engineering.Method: We conducted a systematic literature review, in which we investigated 3070 papers. We identified in total 70 relevant papers, which were subject of a detailed analysis.Results: Many different approaches are proposed to foster technology transfer in software engineering. The majority of these approaches suggest direct collaboration between industry and academia or teaching new technologies in industrial training or university education. In addition, a considerable number of experience reports on technology transfer exist. Hence, a multitude of best practices, success stories, and lessons learned is reported. Among others, empirical evidence, maturity, and adaptability of the technology seem important preconditions for successful transfer, while social and organizational factors seem important barriers to successful technology transfer.Conclusion: Our findings can aid software engineering researchers in determining how best to support the transfer of their research results into practice. Furthermore, analysis of the literature also revealed that no reports exist on the combination of various technology transfer approaches, which could increase advantages of existing approaches while reducing their disadvantages. KEYWORDS software engineering, systematic literature review, technology transfer 1 | BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION Software engineering research aims at solving real-world problems (cf Wieringa 1 ) and demands the evaluation of a proposed solution in an industrial setting (cf Basili 2 and Salman et al 3 ). However, there is often still a gap between academic solution proposals and industrial needs, and for many results from software engineering research, it takes a long time to have an impact on software engineering practices. 4 This is not only due to the fact that novel results from academic research are often unknown to practitioners but also that those research results are often not directly applicable to industry. 5To close this gap, software engineering research also deals with technology transfer itself (cf Pfleeger 6 ). Technology transfer aims at supporting the transfer of research results from academia to practice and is thus of interest to many scientific disciplines (cf, eg, Teece 7 ). While some challenges remain the same regardless of the technology to be transferred, others are particular to the software engineering field, as software engineering technologies typically evolve in a short time and thus the state of the art constantly changes (cf Boehm 8 and Finkelstein and Kramer 9 ).There exists a plethora of proposed solution approaches to foster technology transfer in software engineering as well as experience reports on successful technology transfer projects. Nevertheless, there is a need to support researchers in identifying proper technol...

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Models of technology transfer. (A dialectical case study)

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Bridging the gap: SE technology transfer into practice

Bridging the gap: SE technology transfer into practice

R&D as a business – what are the implications for performance measurement?

Approaches, success factors, and barriers for technology transfer in software engineering—Results of a systematic literature review

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