Models of English for The Third World: White Man's Linguistic Burden or Language Pragmatics?

Kachru, Braj Β.

doi:10.2307/3585643

Cited by 195 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Prator (1968) mentioned that non-native varieties are neither stable nor perfect, and Quirk (1990) concluded that speakers of non-native varieties lack an internalization process that native speakers go through. However, Kachru (1976Kachru ( , 1984 claimed that non-native varieties should be considered legitimate in that their speakers experience the same internalization process. He also stated that in the Outer Circle countries, nativized local varieties have been established for nation-wide communication following local norms and can be regarded as educational targets.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

Conceptualization of American English native speaker norms: a case study of an English language classroom in South Korea

Ahn

2011

Asia Pacific Educ. Rev.

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This case study aims to reveal how conceptualization of native speakership was constructed and reinforced in a South Korean university classroom of English as a foreign language (EFL). In addition, it examines how this conceptualization positions native speakers, a nonnative EFL teacher, and learners, and what learning opportunities were provided in this classroom. The participants of the study were one instructor and his students. The data include classroom observations, interviews with the teacher and students, and student surveys. The findings indicate that the students had been exposed to American English more frequently than any other English variety. Also, they wanted to learn American English in and outside of the classroom. Furthermore, this study shows that American English norms were revealed in the teacher's beliefs and reinforced in his classroom through his instructional materials, classroom practices, and evaluation of the students. Thus, as a mediator between native speakers and learners, the teacher positioned native speakers as authoritative possessors of correct pronunciation and expressions for his students to imitate. Consequently, the students learned about pronunciation and informal expressions as modeled by American native speakers rather than learning to use the L2 communicatively as recommended by the institutional policy. This study has important implications for English language teaching in South Korea, specifically in terms of the concepts of native speakership, student learning, and teacher education.Keywords Native speaker Á Non-native speaker Á Nativelike accent Á American English norms Á English as a foreign language Á English language teaching in South Korea

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

Conceptualization of American English native speaker norms: a case study of an English language classroom in South Korea

Ahn

2011

Asia Pacific Educ. Rev.

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“…Another salient argument centres around the legitimacy of indigenized varieties of English and World Englishes that exist around the world (Higgins, 2003;Kachru, 1976Kachru, , 1983. What is Downloaded by [University of Washington Libraries] at 09:39 02 December 2014 FAEZ often considered to be native English is the variety used in inner-circle White English speaking countries such as Great Britain, the United States, Canada, and Australia (Kachru, 1996).…”

Section: Native and Nonnative Identity: Definition And Controversymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconceptualizing the Native/Nonnative Speaker Dichotomy

Faez

2011

Journal of Language, Identity & Education

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“…Both Grech (forthcoming) and Thusat et al (2009) agree that whilst Maltese English does not fit neatly into any of the 'circles' Á Inner/Outer/Expanding Á of Kachru's (1976) model, Schneider's (2003) Dynamic Model does more justice to a discussion of this variety. Both Kachru and Schneider identify struggles with language and identity as part of the process involved in an inherited language taking on a local identity.…”

Section: Maltese English: a Variety In Its Own Right?mentioning

confidence: 91%

Languages and language varieties in Malta

Vella

2013

International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism

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Models of English for The Third World: White Man's Linguistic Burden or Language Pragmatics?

Cited by 195 publications

References 10 publications

Conceptualization of American English native speaker norms: a case study of an English language classroom in South Korea

Conceptualization of American English native speaker norms: a case study of an English language classroom in South Korea

Reconceptualizing the Native/Nonnative Speaker Dichotomy

Languages and language varieties in Malta

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