Modelling, sizing and testing a scroll expander for a waste heat recovery application on a gasoline engine

Legros, Arnaud; Guillaume, Ludovic; Diny, Mouad; Lemort, Vincent

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/90/1/012065

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…This is composed of an evaporator, where the energy of the exhaust gases can be exchanged with the organic fluid to vaporize and superheat it, an expander, which converts the thermo-dynamic energy of the fluid into mechanical and eventually electrical energy, a condenser, which exchanges heat towards the cold sink, and a pump to pressurize the fluid and close the thermo-dynamic cycle (Figure 10). The ORC-based unit proposed has a volumetric machine for the expander (of scroll type), suitable for its flexibility and capability to adapt in dynamic and off-design conditions [53,54], and it has been tested specifically to derive a numerical model of the whole ORC unit [55]. The model has been validated through experimental data [56] and is based on general assumptions: (a) the organic fluid is R245fa; (b) the cold sink is cooling water at 45 °C, to simulate the cooling conditions onboard; (c) the overall amount of fluid is equal to 7 kg; (d) pump and expander rotational speeds are controlled to match the thermal power available and to improve the overall performance considering the permeability of the ORC circuit.…”

Section: Orc-based Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Arsie,

Battistoni,

Brancaleoni

et al. 2023

Energies

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The H2-ICE project aims at developing, through numerical simulation, a new generation of hybrid powertrains featuring a hydrogen-fueled Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) suitable for 12 m urban buses in order to provide a reliable and cost-effective solution for the abatement of both CO2 and criteria pollutant emissions. The full exploitation of the potential of such a traction system requires a substantial enhancement of the state of the art since several issues have to be addressed. In particular, the choice of a more suitable fuel injection system and the control of the combustion process are extremely challenging. Firstly, a high-fidelity 3D-CFD model will be exploited to analyze the in-cylinder H2 fuel injection through supersonic flows. Then, after the optimization of the injection and combustion process, a 1D model of the whole engine system will be built and calibrated, allowing the identification of a “sweet spot” in the ultra-lean combustion region, characterized by extremely low NOx emissions and, at the same time, high combustion efficiencies. Moreover, to further enhance the engine efficiency well above 40%, different Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) systems will be carefully scrutinized, including both Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)-based recovery units as well as electric turbo-compounding. A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system will be developed to further reduce NOx emissions to near-zero levels. Finally, a dedicated torque-based control strategy for the ICE coupled with the Energy Management Systems (EMSs) of the hybrid powertrain, both optimized by exploiting Vehicle-To-Everything (V2X) connection, allows targeting H2 consumption of 0.1 kg/km. Technologies developed in the H2-ICE project will enhance the know-how necessary to design and build engines and aftertreatment systems for the efficient exploitation of H2 as a fuel, as well as for their integration into hybrid powertrains.

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Section: Orc-based Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Arsie,

Battistoni,

Brancaleoni

et al. 2023

Energies

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Supersonic Non-ideal Flows for Organic Rankine Cycle Applications

Robertson

Newton

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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The organic Rankine cycle is low grade heat recovery technology, for sources as diverse as geothermal, industrial and vehicle waste heat. The working fluids used within these systems often display significant real-gas effects, especially in proximity of the thermodynamic critical point. 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is commonly used for performance prediction and flow field analysis within expanders, but experimental validation with real gases is scarce within the literature. This paper therefore presents a dense-gas blowdown facility constructed at Imperial College London, for experimentally validating numerical simulations of these fluids. The system-level design process for the blowdown rig is described, including the sizing and specification of major components. Tests with refrigerant R1233zd(E) are run for multiple inlet pressures, against a nitrogen baseline case. CFD simulations are performed, with the refrigerant modeled by Ideal Gas, Peng-Robinson, and Helmholtz Energy Equations of State. It is shown that increases in fluid model fidelity lead to reduced deviation between simulation and experiment. Maximum and mean discrepancies of 9.59% and 8.12% in nozzle pressure ratio with the Helmholtz Energy EoS are reported. This work demonstrates an over-prediction of pressure ratio and power output within commercial CFD packages, for turbomachines operating in non-ideal fluid environments. This suggests a need for further development and experimental validation of CFD simulations for highly non-ideal flows. The data contained within this paper is therefore of vital importance for the future validation and development of CFD methods for dense-gas turbomachinery

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Modelling, sizing and testing a scroll expander for a waste heat recovery application on a gasoline engine

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Experimental and Numerical Study of Supersonic Non-ideal Flows for Organic Rankine Cycle Applications

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