Modelling of the response of an ACFM sensor to rail and rail wheel RCF cracks

Nicholson, Gemma; Davis, Claire

doi:10.1016/j.ndteint.2011.11.010

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pulsed eddy current (PEC) probes perform far better than Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) to detect the rail defect but with lift-off variation problem [5]. Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) have a good potential for RCF with maximum operating lift-off, but it is not sensitive for sub-surface defect, and it is also difficult to identify multi-cracks [6]. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) can generate the surface wave to detect RCF in rail at a small standoff distance, which is a non-contact technique with high speed potentiality yet with lift-off limitation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral heat conduction based eddy current thermography for detection of parallel cracks and rail tread oblique cracks

Yang

Gao

et al. 2015

Measurement

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral heat conduction based eddy current thermography for detection of parallel cracks and rail tread oblique cracks

Yang

Gao

et al. 2015

Measurement

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“…Figure 6 shows the Bx and Bz responses to the perpendicular cracks in the weld. There is a dip in Bx and a peak and a trough in Bz, but considering the background value, the normalized Bx [12] is 0.005, which means a much lower sensitivity to perpendicular cracks in ACFM inspection.…”

Section: Simulation Model Set-up and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and evaluation of weld defects in stainless steel using alternating current field measurement

Weili¹,

Ma²,

Pan-Qi³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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An ultrasonic non-destructive testing method for the measurement of weld width in laser welding of stainless steel AIP Conference Proceedings 1890, 040082 (2017) Abstract. Stainless steel is widely used in nuclear power plants, such as various high-radioactive pool, tools storage and fuel transportation channel, and serves as an important barrier to stop the leakage of high-radioactive material. NonDestructive Evaluation (NDE) methods, eddy current testing (ET), ultrasonic examination (UT), penetration testing (PT) and hybrid detection method, etc., have been introduced into the inspection of a nuclear plant. In this paper, the Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) was fully applied to detect and evaluate the defects in the welds of the stainless steel. Simulations were carried out on different defect types, crack lengths, and orientation to reveal the relationship between the signals and dimensions to determine whether methods could be validated by the experiment. A 3-axis ACFM probe was developed and three plates including 16 defects, which served in nuclear plant before, were examined by automatic detection equipment. The result shows that the minimum detectable crack length on the surface is 2mm and ACFM shows excellent inspection results for a weld in stainless steel and gives an encouraging prospect of broader application.

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“…The parameters for characterizing the inspection sensitivity, S X and S Z , are given as follows to reduce detection error and improve the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) 14) .…”

Section: Crack Detection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cracks in Metallic Objects by Arbitrary Scanning Direction Using a Double U-Shaped Orthogonal ACFM Probe

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2016

Mater. Trans.

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Alternating current eld measurement (ACFM) technique is developed for sizing cracks on structures. According to the theory of ACFM, the induced current eld should be perpendicular to the crack in metallic objects. So conventional ACFM probes should scan the crack in a particular direction. In this paper, a double u-shaped orthogonal ACFM probe is present for cracks detection at arbitrary scanning direction using induced rotating current eld. The nite element method (FEM) model is employed to analyze the rotating current eld induced by the double u-shaped orthogonal ACFM probe. The experiments are carried out to test the crack on specimen at arbitrary scanning direction. Results show that the crack can be detected effectively at arbitrary scanning direction using the double u-shaped orthogonal ACFM probe.

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Modelling of the response of an ACFM sensor to rail and rail wheel RCF cracks

Cited by 63 publications

References 21 publications

Lateral heat conduction based eddy current thermography for detection of parallel cracks and rail tread oblique cracks

Lateral heat conduction based eddy current thermography for detection of parallel cracks and rail tread oblique cracks

Detection and evaluation of weld defects in stainless steel using alternating current field measurement

Detection of Cracks in Metallic Objects by Arbitrary Scanning Direction Using a Double U-Shaped Orthogonal ACFM Probe

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