Modelling of system components for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) applications with Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)

Abstract

In the coming years, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) will strongly penetrate in the car fleet. Currently, this theme represents an important area of research. In this paper, we proposed and make available all tools to conduct research on the impact of PHEVs on electric grids or to realize the energy management for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) applications with PHEVs.Index Terms -Car fleet, Electric Grid, Energy management, Impact, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Vehicle-to-Grid, Vehicle-to-Home.

Technical and environmental impacts of electric vehicles and renewable energy integration in a distribution grid

“…Each house's Daily Load Profile (DLP) is randomly chosen from a data base of 10,000 DLPs, based on data provided by Electricité de France (EDF), concerning the electricity consumption for various domestics electrical devices measured on 100 houses, during 2 years with 10 minutes time step [12]. In order to evaluate the technical impacts in the grid, a 24 hours load flow simulation was performed, by taking into account only a typical DLP for a summer day and a winter day (as detailed in section III.B).…”

Heuristic strategy for smart charging of Plug-In Electric Vehicle in residential areas: Variable charge power

“…For the case study we used a database of 10000 houses DLPs, created by the DLPs generator [21]. Therefore we utilized 1000 examples of domestic DLPs, for houses from 3 to 6 rooms, considering both seasons (summer and winter), and being equipped or not with an electrical heating system.…”

Rule based algorithm for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) integration in residential electric grid areas

“…From DLPs generator, [12] 3 to 6 rooms for each season (summer and winter). We considered both houses equipped or not with an electric heating system.…”

“…We use the analytical relations proposed in [12] which exploits an amphour meter method to monitor the dynamics of the battery's SOC. Very popular, this method is suitable for lithium batteries because their capacity varies slightly depending on the charging or discharging rate [13].…”

“…Equation (1) defines the amount of energy to charge (or extract) in Ah at the instant t after the charge (discharge) current at time t. Equation (2) calculates the SOC at time t in function of the SOC at time t-1, the energy charger (or retrieve) at time t and the nominal capacity at time t (which varies with aging) of the battery pack in question. The size of batteries and the initial nominal capacities (new batteries) in all categories and types of PHEVs are given in Table I. (1) For the Rule Based algorithm developed in this paper, the PHEVs' load power and the battery's charging current varies according to the house electricity consumption at time instant t. To consider the losses of the charger at this time instant, the relationship proposed by [12] of the charger's efficiency in function of the charging power of an onboard charger (3) is used. …”