Modelling of stress softening in elastomeric materials: foundations of simple theories

Kazakevičiūt≐-Makovska, Rasa; Kačianauskas, Rimantas

doi:10.1016/j.mechrescom.2004.02.003

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…To characterize stress-softening effects, there exist in the literature many different [20], Kazakevičiute-Makovska and Kačianauskas [21], and references cited therein for an overview of the main features of these models.…”

Section: A Nonmonotonous Stress-softening Materials Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Softening and Residual Strain Effects in Suture Materials

Elı́as-Zúñiga

Montoya²,

Ortega-Lara³

et al. 2013

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This work focuses on the experimental characterization of suture material samples of MonoPlus, Monosyn, polyglycolic acid, polydioxanone 2-0, polydioxanone 4-0, poly(glycolide-co-epsilon-caprolactone), nylon, and polypropylene when subjected to cyclic loading and unloading conditions. It is found that all tested suture materials exhibit stress-softening and residual strain effects related to the microstructural material damage upon deformation from the natural, undistorted state of the virgin suture material. To predict experimental observations, a new constitutive material model that takes into account stress-softening and residual strain effects is developed. The basis of this model is the inclusion of a phenomenological nonmonotonous softening function that depends on the strain intensity between loading and unloading cycles. The theory is illustrated by modifying the non-Gaussian averagestretch, full-network model to capture stress-softening and residual strains by using pseudoelasticity concepts. It is shown that results obtained from theoretical simulations compare well with suture material experimental data.

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Section: A Nonmonotonous Stress-softening Materials Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Softening and Residual Strain Effects in Suture Materials

Elı́as-Zúñiga

Montoya²,

Ortega-Lara³

et al. 2013

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Based on the accuracy of our proposed nonmonotonous model (43) to predict experimental data, we can conclude that the extent of damage of rubber-like materials, when subjected to small transverse vibrations, can be conveniently determined by considering the nonmonotonous behavior exhibited by experimental data. Furthermore, our proposed damage material mechanism model given by (14) can be applied to three-dimensional deformation states since the damage function is controlled by the strain energy associated with the primary deformation and not just by the specific deformation from which it is calculated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the primary loading path, is inactive, while on the unloading path, has the value given by (20). Substitution of (20) into (14) gives the following pseudo-elastic residual strain energy density per unit volume:…”

Section: Inclusion Of Residual Strain Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To characterize this effect, there exist in the literature many different material models that have been developed to explain material damage mechanisms. See, for instance, the papers of Govindjee and Simo [3], Ogden and Roxburgh [4], Johnson and Beatty [5], Beatty and Krishnaswamy [6], Elías-Zúñiga and Beatty [7], Holzapfel et al [8], de Souza Neto et al [9], Elías-Zúñiga [10], Dorfmann and Ogden [11], Marckmann et al [12], Diani et al [13], Kazakevičiūtė-Makovska and Kačianauskas [14], de Tommasi et al [15], Rickaby and Scott [16], Córdova et al [17], and references cited therein for an overview of the main features of these models. Another effect that has been observed in rubberlike materials during the unloading process is related to the so-called healing effect in which a fraction of the broken cross-links can be reformed [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Nonmonotonous Damage Model to Characterize Mullins and Residual Strain Effects of Rubber Strings Subjected to Transverse Vibrations

Elı́as-Zúñiga

Baylón²,

Martínez-Romero³

et al. 2013

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This work focuses on the formulation of a constitutive equation to predict Mullins and residual strain effects of buna-N, silicone, and neoprene rubber strings subjected to small transverse vibrations. The nonmonotone behavior exhibited by experimental data is captured by the proposed material model through the inclusion of a phenomenological non-monotonous softening function that depends on the strain intensity between loading and unloading cycles. It is shown that theoretical predictions compare well with uniaxial experimental data collected from transverse vibration tests.

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“…It should be noted further that the modified versions (13) and (15) of the original softening functions (12) and (14) cannot essentially improve predictions of pseudo-elastic models of the Mullins effect because the softening functions (13) and (15) are also monotonously increasing functions of the deformation extent m. On the other hand, the assumption thatĝðm; m m Þ should be a monotonously increasing function of m follows from the thermodynamical considerations. However, this conflict is only apparent and its source can easily be identified from the thermodynamical formulation of the Mullins effect presented by Kazakeviči ut_ e- Makovska and Kačianauskas (2004). The problem lies in the stress-strain relation (7) which gives the stress T in the softened material as the product of the elastic stress T 0 and the softening variable g = 1 À a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally determined properties of softening functions in pseudo-elastic models of the Mullins effect

Kazakevičiūtė-Makovska

2007

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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This paper aims to identify the true source of limitations of pseudo-elastic models for describing the stress-softening phenomenon in elastomers which were recently proposed in the literature [Ogden, R.W., Roxburgh, D.G., 1999. A pseudo-elastic model for the Mullins effect in filled rubber. A new phenomenological model for stress-softening in elastomers. Zeitschrift fü r angewandte Mathematik und Physik (ZAMP) 53 (5), 794-814]. These models as well as their modified versions [Mars, W.V., 2004. Evaluation of pseudo-elastic model for the Mullins effect. Tire Science and Technology, TSTCA 32 (3), 120-145; Elías-Zú ñ iga, A., 2005. A phenomenological energy-based model to characterize stress-softening effect in elastomers.Polymer 46 (10), 3496-3506] fail to give fully satisfactory coincidence of experimental data and theoretical predictions. In this paper a suitable analysis of experimental data published in the open literature is presented. This analysis shows several interesting features regarding the nature of the stress-softening phenomenon (widely known as the Mullins effect). In particular, it is shown that the magnitude of stress softening varies with strain in a non-monotonous manner and this non-monotonous character of the stress-softening phenomenon strongly depends on magnitude of the pre-strain. This experimental fact is in contradiction with the basic assumption used in pseudo-elastic models that the stress softening is described by a monotonously increasing function of strain. The common theoretical basis of pseudo-elastic models of stress softening and the source of this conflict are clarified.

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Modelling of stress softening in elastomeric materials: foundations of simple theories

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Stress-Softening and Residual Strain Effects in Suture Materials

Stress-Softening and Residual Strain Effects in Suture Materials

A Nonmonotonous Damage Model to Characterize Mullins and Residual Strain Effects of Rubber Strings Subjected to Transverse Vibrations

Experimentally determined properties of softening functions in pseudo-elastic models of the Mullins effect

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