“…This situation points out that there should be a converter that can provide bidirectional power in EV systems. In the literature, many studies have been done for different modes of this topology [23][24][25][26][27]. S switches determine which source will provide power, 3 S switch to determine whether the converter will operate in buck, boost, or buck-boost modes, and the power flow way with the 4 S switch.…”
Today it is an obvious fact that energy consumption tends to increase due to technological developments, population growth, and increasing living standards. In last two decades, renewable energy sources are considered to be the most convenient way to produce clean energy, as it has infinite energy potential. However, most of these alternative systems are not considered sufficient to supply the whole demand alone. But hybrid systems with some alternative energy sources, such as solar, wind, and biomass appear to be a solution to supply the energy needs in the future. In hybrid systems, the DC-DC converter structure is the main device when converting energy for the proper loads. Single/multiple inputs, single/multiple output DC-DC converter topologies vary in design according to the energy demand of the load. Particularly, as the power flow direction differs depending on the energy need and efficiency in energy systems, the usage areas of topologies with bidirectional power flow and fewer circuit elements that reduce system cost and complexity are expanding. In this study, the simulation of multi-input single-output (MISO) DC-DC converter topologies were performed in Matlab / Simulink software. Inductor current and voltage, output current and voltage, as well as output power used in the determining topologies were analyzed. The mathematical equations given in the topologies were confirmed by simulation studies.
“…This situation points out that there should be a converter that can provide bidirectional power in EV systems. In the literature, many studies have been done for different modes of this topology [23][24][25][26][27]. S switches determine which source will provide power, 3 S switch to determine whether the converter will operate in buck, boost, or buck-boost modes, and the power flow way with the 4 S switch.…”
Today it is an obvious fact that energy consumption tends to increase due to technological developments, population growth, and increasing living standards. In last two decades, renewable energy sources are considered to be the most convenient way to produce clean energy, as it has infinite energy potential. However, most of these alternative systems are not considered sufficient to supply the whole demand alone. But hybrid systems with some alternative energy sources, such as solar, wind, and biomass appear to be a solution to supply the energy needs in the future. In hybrid systems, the DC-DC converter structure is the main device when converting energy for the proper loads. Single/multiple inputs, single/multiple output DC-DC converter topologies vary in design according to the energy demand of the load. Particularly, as the power flow direction differs depending on the energy need and efficiency in energy systems, the usage areas of topologies with bidirectional power flow and fewer circuit elements that reduce system cost and complexity are expanding. In this study, the simulation of multi-input single-output (MISO) DC-DC converter topologies were performed in Matlab / Simulink software. Inductor current and voltage, output current and voltage, as well as output power used in the determining topologies were analyzed. The mathematical equations given in the topologies were confirmed by simulation studies.
“…Similarly to the works mentioned above, which focus only on building physics aspects, the studies assessing electrical architectures for BIPV systems do not consider the building envelope in great detail [22], [23]. The development and simulation of power electronic models such as micro-inverters and -converters are often implemented in tools such as MATLAB-Simulink [24], [25] , ANSYS [26] or Spice [27]. Power converters are necessary to transform the PV power output from DC to AC or to condition it to a stable DC voltage level, allowing thus a safe connection to the grid.…”
European legislation on building performance and energy efficiency pushes the shift towards minimizing the environmental footprint of buildings. Buildingintegrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is a promising technology that can accelerate the transition to energy-neutral buildings. Quantifying the potential of BIPV is crucial and one means of obtaining those results is through simulation. The state-of-the-art tools offer either thermal or electrical specialization; in particular, balance of system components (BOS) such as power converters have not been studied in detail within the building simulations BIPV domain. In this paper, a multi-physics model of a BIPV integrated DC/DC converter is developed in the Modelica language, taking into account the thermal and electrical couplings inherent to power electronic systems. The model has been validated using representative outdoor BIPV measurements and a DC/DC converter prototype. It has been found that the proposed model provides reasonable accuracy and outperforms an equivalent power conditioning model in TRNSYS. To demonstrate the model's functionality, two case studies are performed. First, the temperature-dependence of the converter's efficiency and losses is quantified and analyzed and, second, the prominent contributors to the converter losses are identified and discussed.
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