Modelling of deep seated hill slope creep in permafrost

Foriero, A.; Ladanyi, B.; Dallimore, S. R.; Egginton, P A; Nixon, F M

doi:10.1139/t98-024

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In high arctic lowlands, where ground ice is often more extensive within the continuous permafrost, creep is generally much slower (e.g. Dallimore et al, 1996;Foriero et al, 1998), and does not generate such clear surface landforms as in mountain terrain.…”

Section: Observed Creep Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses

Harris

Arenson

Christiansen³

et al. 2009

Earth-Science Reviews

560

361

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We present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that includes the continuous high latitude arctic permafrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous high altitude mountain permafrost of Iceland, Fennoscandia and the Alps. The paper focuses on methodological developments and data collection over the last decade or so, including research associated with the continent-scale network of instrumented permafrost boreholes established between 1998 and 2001 under the European Union PACE project. Data indicate recent warming trends, with greatest warming at higher latitudes. Equally important are the impacts of shorter-term extreme climatic events, most immediately reflected in changes in active layer thickness. A large number of complex variables, including altitude, topography, insolation and snow distribution, determine permafrost temperatures. The development of regionally calibrated empiricalstatistical models, and physically based process-oriented models, is described, and it is shown that, though more complex and data dependent, process-oriented approaches are better suited to estimating transient effects of climate change in complex mountain topography. Mapping and characterisation of permafrost depth and distribution requires integrated multiple geophysical approaches and recent advances are discussed. We report on recent research into ground ice formation, including ice segregation within bedrock and vein ice formation within ice wedge systems. The potential impacts of climate change on rock weathering, permafrost creep, landslides, rock falls, debris flows and slow mass movements are also discussed. Recent engineering responses to the potentially damaging effects of climate warming are outlined, and risk assessment strategies to minimise geological hazards are described. We conclude that forecasting changes in hazard occurrence, magnitude and frequency is likely to depend on process-based modelling, demanding improved understanding of geomorphological process-response systems and their impacts on human activity. We present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that includes the continuous high latitude arctic permafrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous high altitude mountain permafrost of Iceland, Fennoscandia and the Alps. The paper focuses on methodological developments and data collection over the last decade or so, including research associated with the continent-scale network of instrumented permafrost boreholes established between 1998 and 2001 under the European Union PACE project. Data indicate recent warming trends, with greatest warming at higher latitudes. Equally important are the impacts of shorter-term extreme climatic events, most immediately reflected in changes in active layer thickness. A large number of complex variables, including altitude, topography, insolation and snow distribution, determine permafrost temperatures. The development of regionally calibrated empiricalstatistical models, and physically based ...

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Section: Observed Creep Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses

Harris

Arenson

Christiansen³

et al. 2009

Earth-Science Reviews

560

361

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The creep pattern, measured to a depth of 25 m, has displayed a quasi-sinusoidal downslope movement with significant upslope movement during the late winter and early summer. The fluctuation is thought to be due to the effects of thermal contraction (Dallimore, et al, 1996;Foriero, et al,1998).…”

Section: Seasonal Movements In Other Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally induced movements in ice-wedge polygons, western arctic coast: a long-term study

Mackay¹

2002

gpq

163

239

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AbstractThermally induced seasonal movements of the active layer and subjacent permafrost have been measured in numerous ice-wedge polygons that have varied in age, type, crack frequency, and topographic location. The field observations show that, in winter, thermal contraction, which is inward, is constrained or vanishes at the polygon centres but, in summer, thermal expansion, which is outward, is unconstrained at the ice-wedge troughs. Therefore, there tends to be a small net summer transport of the active layer, to varying depths, into the ice-wedge troughs. The movement has been observed in all polygons studied. The slow net transport of material into the ice-wedge troughs has implications for: permafrost aggradation and the growth of syngenetic wedges in some troughs; the palaeoclimatic reconstruction of some ice- wedge casts; and the interpretation of polygon stratigraphy based upon the assumption that the polygon material has accumulatedin situ.

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“…139 Foriero et al introduced creep into the slope stability analysis in permafrost regions. 140 Pufahl and Morgenstern introduced consolidation ratio R to calculate stability and improved the stability calculation method as proposed by McRoberts and Morsenster. 141 The stability of slopes with RTSs in permafrost areas has been calculated in China based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and static equilibrium conditions, assuming that the sliding surface is thick ground ice and using the effective stress analysis method.…”

Section: Limit Equilibrium Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ tests showed that creep occurs in winter and summer 139 . Foriero et al introduced creep into the slope stability analysis in permafrost regions 140 . Pufahl and Morgenstern introduced consolidation ratio R to calculate stability and improved the stability calculation method as proposed by McRoberts and Morsenster 141 …”

Section: Evaluating the Susceptibility And Stability Of Rtssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in retrogressive thaw slump research in permafrost regions

Li,

Liu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Permafrost & Periglacial

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A retrogressive thaw slump (RTS) is a slope failure formed by slope thaw settlement and retrogressive slump following the thawing of ice‐rich permafrost or the melting of massive ice. Here, we review recent literature on RTSs, one of the main geomorphological landscapes developed in the process of permafrost degradation. The main topics are as follows: development and temporal evolution, mechanisms and processes, influencing factors, evaluation susceptibility and calculation, and assessment of engineering and environmental impacts. There has been a rapid increase in the number and distribution area of RTSs over permafrost in recent years. Climate warming events, extreme rainfall, forest fires, bank and coast erosion, and anthropogenic activity are the primary factors leading to RTSs in permafrost regions, disrupting the initial hydrothermal equilibrium of permafrost slopes. This causes a rise in ground temperature and the thaw of ice‐rich permafrost. Meltwater seeps down and collects on the ice surface, weakening freeze–thaw interface shear resistance and resulting in soil collapse. The development of RTSs may last several decades or longer. RTSs destabilize infrastructure, destroy vegetation, boost soil erosion and land desertification, alter the environment of nearby waters, and increase emissions of some major greenhouse gases. Numerous methods have been developed and adopted to explore RTSs, including geographic information systems (GIS) and equilibrium, numerical, and reliability analysis methods. However, research on formation mechanisms and processes, quantitative prediction, engineering and environmental influences, and mitigative measures of RTSs under a warming climate are still inadequate. Existing research methods, such as numerical simulations, remote sensing, airborne ground‐based geophysical surveys, investigations and mapping, and hydrothermal and deformation field monitoring, should be systematically integrated. Additionally, equipment for laboratory testing and numerical models for simulating RTSs may need to be timely introduced and better developed.

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Modelling of deep seated hill slope creep in permafrost

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses

Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses

Thermally induced movements in ice-wedge polygons, western arctic coast: a long-term study

Advances in retrogressive thaw slump research in permafrost regions

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