Modelling of a Turning Process Using the Gravitational Search Algorithm

Hrelja, Marko; Klančnik, Simon; Balič, Jože; Brezočnik, Miran

doi:10.2507/ijsimm13(1)3.248

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[20][21][22][23] In the present paper 100 models for tensile strength and also for elongation were obtained through a genetic programming method. During the simulated evolution the organisms (with basic ingredients -function and terminal genes) are generated and afterwards changed through different changing algorithms.…”

Section: Genetic Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the tensile strength and elongation of 16MnCrS5 steel using genetic programming

Kovačić¹,

Turnšek²,

Ocvirk³

et al. 2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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[tore Steel Ltd. is one of the largest spring-steel producers in Europe. [tore Steel makes more than 1400 steel grades of different chemical composition. Among them is 16MnCrS5 steel. It is generally used for the fabrication of case-hardened machine parts for various applications (e.g., bars, rods, plates, strips, forgings), where a combination of wear resistance, toughness and dynamic strength is essential. These properties can be easily correlated with tensile strength, which depends on the chemical composition and heat treatment after rolling. In addition, the elongation should be taken into account. In the paper, modeling of tensile strength and elongation with genetic programming is presented and compared with linear regression modeling. The chemical composition data (content of C, Mn, S and Cr) and the heat-treatment regime data (GKZ or BG annealing) were used for modeling. The modeling results show that a higher tensile strength with improved elongation were achieved. Keywords: 16MnCrS5, tensile strength, elongation, modeling, genetic programming, linear regression [tore Steel je najve~ji proizvajalec vzmetnega jekla v Evropi. [tore Steel izdeluje ve~kot 1400 razli~nih kvalitet jekla z razli~nimi kemijskimi sestavami. Med njmi tudi 16MnCrS5, ki spada v skupino jekel za cementacijo, ki so namenjena za strojno obdelavo razli~nih delov (npr. palic, plo{~, trakov, odkovkov), kjer se zahteva kombinacija obrabne odpornosti,`ilavosti ter trajnonihajne trdnosti. Le-te lastnosti lahko povezujemo z natezno trdnostjo, ki je odvisna predvsem od kemi~ne sestave in toplotne obdelave po valjanju. Prav tako je pomemben raztezek. V~lanku je predstavljeno modeliranje natezne trdnosti in raztezka s pomo~jo genetskega modeliranja in linearne regresije. Za modeliranje smo uporabili vsebnosti kemijskih elementov (C, Mn, S in Cr) ter na~in toplotne obdelave (GKZ ali BG). Glede na rezultate smo pove~ali natezno trdnost pri izbolj{anem raztezku.

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Section: Genetic Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the tensile strength and elongation of 16MnCrS5 steel using genetic programming

Kovačić¹,

Turnšek²,

Ocvirk³

et al. 2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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“…This optimises the numerical coefficients of predefined polynomial models for describing the observed output variables [7]. The results for rough turning and finishing were presented separately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising external turning tool choice using AHP and ELECTRE II methods

2017

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Original scientific paper It is preferable to remove as much raw material in as short time as possible when processing materials using rough turning methods. Selecting the correct cutting tool at the beginning of the process is very important as this reduces the amount of material requiring later processing, in turn reducing the number of turning tools required, the number of tool changes and the total time taken to make a piece. In this paper, we present a system for selecting the best tools for external longitudinal turning. We take into account the characteristics of the machine, the power needed for cutting, the geometry and technological characteristics of the tools, and the machining parameters. Selection of the best tool for rough machining is made based on the processing time, the percentage of material to be cut, the cost of the tools and the number of tool changes. We ranked eight tools and used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method for multi-criteria optimisation then evaluated the results using ELECTRE II methods. The weight criteria were estimated using Saaty's pairwise comparison scale. Keywords: analytic hierarchy process; ELECTRE II method; multi-criteria decision-making; tool selection Izbor optimalnog alata za vanjsko tokarenje pomoću AHP i ELECTRE II metodeIzvorni znanstveni članak Prilikom obrade vanjskim grubim tokarenjem poželjno je skinuti što više materijala sa sirovog komada u što kraćem vremenu. Vrlo je važno izabrati tokarski nož koji prvi započinje obradu, kako bi ostatak materijala za kasniju obradu bio što manji. Time se smanjuje ukupno potrebni broj alata za tokarenje, broj izmjena alata te ukupno vrijeme izrade komada. U radu je prikazan sistem za izbor najpovoljnijeg alata za vanjsko uzdužno tokarenje uz uvažavanje karakteristika stroja, snage potrebne za rezanje, geometriju i tehnološke karakteristike alata te parametara obrade. Izbor najoptimalnijeg alata za grubu obradu izvršen je prema kriterijima vrijeme obrade, postotak odrezanoga materijala, cijena alata po reznoj oštrici te broju prolaza alata. Kod rangiranja rezultata obrade za 8 alata korištena je metoda za višekriterijsku optimizaciju AHP, a rezultati su dodatno vrednovani po ELECTRE II metodi. Vrijednosti težina kriterija procijenjene su prema Saty-jevoj ljestvici usporedbe kriterija u parovima.

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“…Genetic programming is one of the more general and recently developed approaches of evolutionary algorithms. Similarly to some other machine-learning approaches such as artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, particle-swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm (see examples [11][12][13][14], genetic programming can be used for solving a wide spectrum of engineering and other problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of occurrence of surface defects of C45 steel with genetic programming

Kovačić¹,

Jager²

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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Carbon steel C45 with an increased content of carbon is used for tempering in the automotive industry for highly stressed parts (axles, shafts), machine parts, screws, drills for wood, axes, knives, hammers and similar. In the present work an attempt of analyzing the influences of different steelmaking parameters is presented. On the basis of the monitored data about the casting-temperature changes, the total oxygen, the number of added aluminum rods, the chemical analyses before and after steelmaking, the added lime, the aluminum-cored wire, the calcium-silicon-cored wire, the sulphur-cored wire, the rolling dimensions, the casting speed, the opening of the ladle nozzle with oxygen and surface defects (scrap fraction) on rolled bars, a mathematical model was obtained with the help of the genetic programming method. The results show that the most influential parameters for the surface-defect occurrence on the C45 steel are the opening of the ladle nozzle with oxygen and aluminum. On the basis of the results, the steelmaking technology was changed. Instead of the aluminium-killed steelmaking technology the aluminium-calcium-free (ACF) steelmaking technology was used. The batches from an aluminium-calcium-free steelmaking period statistically have a significantly lower level of surface defects (scrap fraction). The scrap fraction was reduced from the average of 68.45 % to 1.92 % -by more than 35 times. Keywords: mechanical engineering, metallurgy, steel, C45 steel, making steel, casting steel, steel plant, billet surface defects, genetic programming Jeklo C45 je ogljikovo jeklo za pobolj{anje s pove~ano koncentracijo ogljika. Uporablja se za obremenjene dele v avtomobilski industriji (osi, gredi), za dele strojev, vijake, svedre za les, sekire, no`e, kladiva in podobno. V~lanku je predstavljen poskus analize vplivov razli~nih parametrov pri postopku izdelave omenjenega jekla. Na podlagi zbranih podatkov o spremembi livne temperature, aktivnega kisika (kisik v talini), dodanih aluminijevih palic, analiz kemijskih elementov med izdelavo jekla in po njej, dodanega apna, dodanega aluminija, kalcij-silicija ter`vepla v obliki`ice, dimenzij valjanca, hitrosti litja, pod`iganja in podatkov o povr{inskih napakah (dele`izmeta) valjanih palic smo izdelali matemati~ni model z genetskim programiranjem. Rezultati modeliranja genetskega programiranja so pokazali, da sta pod`iganje in aluminij tista parametra, ki najbolj vplivata na nastajanje napak v jeklu C45 in imata torej najve~ji vpliv na izmet. Na podlagi rezultatov se je spremenila tehnologija izdelave jekla. Namesto tehnologije z dodatkom aluminija se je uporabila tehnologija aluminium-calcium-free (ACF). [ar`e, izdelane v obdobju izdelave jekla s to tehnologijo, imajo statisti~no zna~ilno manj povr{inskih napak (izmeta). Izmet se je v povpre~ju zmanj{al iz 68,45 % na 1,92 % -ve~kot 35-krat.

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Modelling of a Turning Process Using the Gravitational Search Algorithm

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Increasing the tensile strength and elongation of 16MnCrS5 steel using genetic programming

Increasing the tensile strength and elongation of 16MnCrS5 steel using genetic programming

Optimising external turning tool choice using AHP and ELECTRE II methods

Modeling of occurrence of surface defects of C45 steel with genetic programming

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