Modelling natural drying of European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>L.) logs for energy based on meteorological data

Erber, Gernot; Kanzian, Christian; Stampfer, Karl

doi:10.1080/02827581.2015.1080294

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The transport of larger loads of timber is beneficial for haulers, where, for example, increasing the weight of the transport sets to 76 tonnes in Finland has been used to the greatest extent in forestry [32]. An important factor influencing the mass of wood load is its density [9,13,18,27,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increasing use of shredded wood (including sawdust) with increasing transport costs forces us to look for solutions for better management of deliveries, where one of the possible actions is optimization of cargo moisture [25,26]. Reducing the wood biomass moisture allows for increased use of the cargo volume by 25%, which also contributes to a reduction in the number of trucks' journeys by 20% [27]. In some countries (e.g., Estonia, Ireland, the Netherlands, Finland, Sweden), in order to improve the economics of timber transport, the gross vehicle weight (GVW) of trucks is increased from 40 (44) Mg to 60, and even to 92 Mg [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parameters of Trucks and Loads in the Transport of Scots Pine Wood Biomass Depending on the Season and Moisture Content of the Load

Trzciński

Tymendorf

Kozakiewicz

2021

Forests

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Transport of wood biomass is one of the key operations in forestry and in the wood industry. An important part is the transport of shredded wood, where the most common forms are chips and sawdust. The aim of the research was to present the variability of the total weight of trucks (gross vehicle weight, GVW), the weight of the empty trucks (tare), and loads of chips and sawdust in different periods of the year. Changes in specific parameters were analyzed: GVW; tare weight; trailer capacity; use of the trailer load capacity; bulk volume and bulk density of wood biomass loads; solid cubic meter (m3) and weight of 1m3 of the load; and load weight depending on the season, with simultaneous measurements of wood chips and sawdust moisture. More than 250 transports from four seasons of the year were analyzed in the research. It was found that the total weight of trucks (GVW) was at a comparable level, on average from 39.42 to 39.64 Mg with slight differences (with SD 0.29 and 0.39). The weight of empty trucks was 16.15 Mg for chip-bearing trucks and 15.93 Mg for sawdust-bearing trucks (with SD 0.604 and 0.526). The type of wood material has an influence on the transported volume. The average quantity of load in the bulk cubic meter was 64.783 m3 for wood chips (SD 3.127) and 70.465 m3 (SD 2.516) for sawdust. Over 30% differences in the volume of transported wood chips and approximately 18% for sawdust were observed. The use of the loading capacity of the trailer was on average 72.58% (SD 5.567) for the transport of wood chips and 77.42% (SD 3.019) for the transport of sawdust. The sawdust bulk density was from 0.3050 to 0.4265 Mg×m−3 for wood chips and 0.3200 to 0.3556 Mg×m−3 for sawdust. This parameter is significantly dependent on moisture content, and the determined correlation functions can be used for estimating and predicting bulk density. The abovementioned absolute moisture content of chips and sawdust also depends on the season, which also affects the selected parameters of wood biomass loads.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters of Trucks and Loads in the Transport of Scots Pine Wood Biomass Depending on the Season and Moisture Content of the Load

Trzciński

Tymendorf

Kozakiewicz

2021

Forests

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“…According to Kühmaier et al (2016), the cost of transport-ing wood chips is reduced by EUR 0.32-0.49/m 3 if the moisture content can be reduced from 55 to 35%. Erber et al (2016) showed that moisture content management increased truckload volume utilisation by 25% and transported calorific value by 48%, and reduced the number of truck trips by over 20%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roundwood and Biomass Logistics in Finland and Sweden

Väätäinen

Anttila

Eliasson

et al. 2020

Croat. j. for. eng. (Online)

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Logistics of roundwood and biomass comprise a high number of operations, machinery, storage sites and transportable roundwood and biomass assortments. Moreover, complex and highly varying operational environment through the year poses logistics challenges incurring additional costs. An extensive review of studies was conducted in Sweden and Finland concerning roundwood and biomass logistics, starting from roadside landings and ending with delivery to a mill or a conversion facility. The main aim of the review was to describe trends in roundwood and biomass logistics since the start of the century. Papers were classified to categories of truck transports and roads, terminals, multimodal transports, storage and supply chain logistics. Slightly over 50% of reviewed articles were constrained to biomass only, 31% to roundwood only and 14% to both. Rapid technology development, amendments concerning road transports, increasing environmental concerns and forestry sector’s push to decrease the logistics costs can be seen as the biggest drivers for the reviewed studies and their study objectives. These aspects will also drive and increase the demand for research and development in roundwood and biomass logistics in the future.

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“…Storage of the forest residue for up to a year prior to utilization has been proven to be economical (Erber et al, 2016). Storage reduces MC, thereby increasing the value of the forest residues.…”

Section: Pile Arrangements and Its Impact On Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Reducing Moisture Content in Forest Residues at the Harvest Site

Kizha¹,

Han²,

Paulson³

et al. 2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Abstract. The moisture content (MC) of biomass derived from forest residues can pose a challenge to biomass utilization. It plays a significant role in determining the cost of transportation and subsequent market price. Additionally, emerging biomass conversion technologies, such as gasification, torrefaction, and briquetting, have very narrow specifications for the MC (e.g., <15%) in their feedstocks. The goal of this study was to develop strategies for reducing moisture content by evaluating different arrangement patterns of forest residues and its effect on MC reduction at the harvest site. The study compared four different arrangement patterns including criss-cross, teepees, traditional piling (processor piled), and scattered residues in three different timber harvest units in northern California. Two of the arrangement patterns (criss-cross and processor piled) were also covered with a plastic cover. Samples were collected from each treatment using a transect method and were recorded for 12 months. There was an overall drop of MC from 52% (freshly cut) to 12% between all arrangements over the study period. The cost of construction per pile, averaged $37, $41, and $48 for teepees, criss-cross, and processor piles, respectively. Even though, there was no significant difference in MC reduction between piles (except scattered), each pile arrangement of forest residues directly affected biomass feedstock operations, logistics, and costs. Keywords: Feedstock quality, Logging slash, Transect sampling method, Woody biomass energy.

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Modelling natural drying of European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) logs for energy based on meteorological data

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Parameters of Trucks and Loads in the Transport of Scots Pine Wood Biomass Depending on the Season and Moisture Content of the Load

Parameters of Trucks and Loads in the Transport of Scots Pine Wood Biomass Depending on the Season and Moisture Content of the Load

Roundwood and Biomass Logistics in Finland and Sweden

Strategies for Reducing Moisture Content in Forest Residues at the Harvest Site

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