Modelling DESTINY+ interplanetary and interstellar dust measurements en route to the active asteroid (3200) Phaethon

Krüger, Harald; Strub, Peter; Srama, R.; Kobayashi, Masanori; Arai, Tomoko; Kimura, Hiroshi; Hirai, Takayuki; Moragas-Klostermeyer, G.; Altobelli, Nicolás; Sterken, Veerle; Agarwal, Jessica; Sommer, Maximilian; Grün, E.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2019.04.005

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…The overall agreement between model and data indicates that an extrapolation of the model in space and time should, in general, give reliable predictions for future space missions with a tendency to underestimate the expected dust fluxes. The IMEX model was recently used to study the dust detection conditions for the DESTINY + mission which will measure dust in interplanetary space between 2024 and 2028 and during a dedicated flyby at the active asteroid (3200) Phaethon (Kawakatsu and Itawa, 2013;Krüger et al, 2019;Kimura et al, 2019;Szalay et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstellar dust in the solar system: model versus in situ spacecraft data

Krüger

Strub

Altobelli

et al. 2019

A&A

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In the early 1990s, contemporary interstellar dust penetrating deep into the heliosphere was identified with the in-situ dust detector on board the Ulysses spacecraft. Later on, interstellar dust was also identified in the data sets measured with dust instruments on board Galileo, Cassini and Helios. Ulysses monitored the interstellar dust stream at high ecliptic latitudes for about 16 years. The three other spacecraft data sets were obtained in the ecliptic plane and cover much shorter time intervals. We compare in-situ interstellar dust measurements obtained with these four spacecrafts, published in the literature, with predictions of a state-of-the-art model for the dynamics of interstellar dust in the inner solar system (Interplanetary Meteoroid environment for EXploration, IMEX), in order to test the reliability of the model predictions. Micrometer and sub-micrometer sized dust particles are subject to solar gravity and radiation pressure as well as to the Lorentz force on a charged dust particle moving through the Interplanetary Magnetic Field, leading to a complex size dependent flow pattern of interstellar dust in the planetary system. The IMEX model was calibrated with the Ulysses interstellar dust measurements and includes these relevant forces. We study the time-resolved flux and mass distribution of interstellar dust in the solar system. The IMEX model agrees with the spacecraft measurements within a factor of 2 to 3, also for time intervals and spatial regions not covered by the original model calibration with the Ulysses data set. It usually underestimates the dust fluxes measured by the space missions which were not used for the model calibration, i.e. Galileo, Cassini and Helios. IMEX is a unique time-dependent model for the prediction of interstellar dust fluxes and mass distributions for the inner and outer solar system. The model is suited to study dust detection conditions for past and future space missions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstellar dust in the solar system: model versus in situ spacecraft data

Krüger

Strub

Altobelli

et al. 2019

A&A

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“…A number of missions to active asteroids with volatile‐driven activity have been proposed, though none have been selected for flight (Jones et al, 2018; Meech et al, 2015; Snodgrass et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2019). Phaethon is the target of the upcoming JAXA DESTINY+ mission, which includes a dust analyzer among its suite of instruments (Krüger et al, 2019). Predictions of the distribution of ejected material around Phaethon due to meteoroid impacts have been made by Szalay et al (2019).…”

Section: Future Directions For Asteroid Activity Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Special Issue: Exploration of the Activity of Asteroid (101955) Bennu

et al. 2020

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Near‐Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu is an active asteroid experiencing mass loss. The activity manifests itself in the form of ejection events emitting up to hundreds of millimeter‐ to centimeter‐scale particles. The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security‐Regolith Explorer spacecraft monitored particle activity for a 10‐month period that included Bennu's perihelion and aphelion. Novel and classical methods were utilized to detect the particles and characterize their orbital and physical properties. Roughly 30% of the observed particle mass escaped to heliocentric orbit. A majority of particles fell back onto the surface of Bennu after ejection, with the longest‐lived particle surviving for 6 days on a temporary orbit. Particle ejection events appear to preferentially take place in the afternoon and evening and from low latitudes, although they can occur at any time or latitude. The reaccumulation of material is biased toward low latitudes resulting in the possible in‐fill of craters and growth of Bennu's equatorial bulge. Of the potential mechanisms behind this activity that were investigated in focused studies, meteoroid impacts, thermal fracturing, and ricochet—but not water ice sublimation—were found to be consistent with observations. While phyllosilicate dehydration was not investigated with a focused study, it remains a possible mechanism. These mechanisms are not unique to Bennu, suggesting that many near‐Earth asteroids may exhibit activity that has gone undetected thus far. Spacecraft missions with wide‐field imagers are encouraged to further characterize this phenomenon.

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“…The spacecraft will study the asteroid's dust ejection processes [5], as well as the properties of interplanetary dust throughout its journey in space. The DESTINY + Dust Analyzer (DDA), developed by the University of Stuttgart, counts the dust collected along with its impact state [35].…”

Section: Spacecraft System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mission Design of DESTINY+: Toward Active Asteroid (3200) Phaethon and Multiple Small Bodies

Ozaki,

Yamamoto,

Gonzalez-Franquesa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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DESTINY + is an upcoming JAXA Epsilon medium-class mission to flyby the Geminids meteor shower parent body (3200) Phaethon. It will be the world's first spacecraft to escape from a near-geostationary transfer orbit into deep space using a lowthrust propulsion system. In doing so, DESTINY + will demonstrate a number of technologies that include a highly efficient ion engine system, lightweight solar array panels, and advanced asteroid flyby observation instruments. These demonstrations will pave the way for JAXA's envisioned low-cost, high-frequency space exploration plans. Following the Phaethon flyby observation, DESTINY + will visit additional asteroids as its extended mission. The mission design is divided into three phases: a spiralshaped apogee-raising phase, a multi-lunar-flyby phase to escape Earth, and an interplanetary and asteroids flyby phase. The main challenges include the optimization of the many-revolution low-thrust spiral phase under operational constraints; the design of a multi-lunar-flyby sequence in a multi-body environment; and the design of multiple asteroid flybys connected via Earth gravity assists. This paper shows a novel, practical approach to tackle these complex problems, and presents feasible solutions found within the mass budget and mission constraints. Among them, the baseline solution is shown and discussed in depth; DESTINY + will spend two years raising its apogee with ion engines, followed by four lunar gravity assists, and a flyby of asteroids (3200) Phaethon and (155140) 2005 UD. Finally, the flight operations plan for the spiral phase and the asteroid flyby phase are presented in detail.

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Modelling DESTINY+ interplanetary and interstellar dust measurements en route to the active asteroid (3200) Phaethon

Cited by 34 publications

References 68 publications

Interstellar dust in the solar system: model versus in situ spacecraft data

Interstellar dust in the solar system: model versus in situ spacecraft data

Introduction to the Special Issue: Exploration of the Activity of Asteroid (101955) Bennu

Mission Design of DESTINY+: Toward Active Asteroid (3200) Phaethon and Multiple Small Bodies

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