Modelling and parameter identification for batch fermentations with Streptomyces tendae under phosphate limitation

Mundry, Claudia; Kuhn, K.-P.

doi:10.1007/bf00172717

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When the bacterial cultures became P limited, the C:P, C:N, and N:P ratios were highest, and the opposite pattern was found at exponential phase. This can be explained by high RNA content in growing cells (25) and by the fact that RNA can be used as a P reserve when the cells become P limited (18). Since bacteria can store P as polyphosphate (32), one can expect lower C:P and N:P ratios when elements other than P are limiting the growth and P is in excess, which was also the case in our experiments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Elemental Composition (C, N, P) and Cell Volume of Exponentially Growing and Nutrient-Limited Bacterioplankton

Vrede

Heldal

Norland

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

301

220

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Marine bacterioplankton were isolated and grown in batch cultures until their growth became limited by organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), or phosphorus (P). Samples were taken from the cultures at both the exponential and stationary phases. The elemental composition of individual bacterial cells was analyzed by X-ray microanalysis with an electron microscope. The cell size was also measured. The elemental content was highest in exponentially growing cells (149 ؎ 8 fg of C cell ؊1 , 35 ؎ 2 fg of N cell ؊1 , and 12 ؎ 1 fg of P cell ؊1 ; average of all isolates ؎ standard error). The lowest C content was found in C-limited cells (39 ؎ 3 fg of C cell ؊1 ), the lowest N content in C-and P-limited cells (12 ؎ 1 and 12 ؎ 2 fg of N cell ؊1 , respectively), and the lowest P content in P-limited cells (2.3 ؎ 0.6 fg of P cell ؊1 ). The atomic C:N ratios varied among treatments between 3.8 ؎ 0.1 and 9.5 ؎ 1.0 (average ؎ standard error), the C:P ratios between 35 ؎ 2 and 178 ؎ 28, and the N:P ratios between 6.7 ؎ 0.3 and 18 ؎ 3. The carbon-volume ratios showed large variation among isolates due to different types of nutrient limitation (from 51؎ 4 to 241 ؎ 38 fg of C m ؊1 ; average of individual isolates and treatments ؎ standard error). The results show that different growth conditions and differences in the bacterial community may explain some of the variability of previously reported elemental and carbonvolume ratios.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Elemental Composition (C, N, P) and Cell Volume of Exponentially Growing and Nutrient-Limited Bacterioplankton

Vrede

Heldal

Norland

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

301

220

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“…2E and F). This type of growth pattern, of an extended deceleration phase, has been previously described for phosphorus limitation in, for example, Klebsiella pneumoniae, where a biomass increase of sixfold was reported during this phase (23,26,44). Carbon starvation was studied in all subsequent experiments, and the time at which OD 600 stabilizes was taken as the time of entry into stationary phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Adaptation to nutrient starvation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli: analysis of survival, stress resistance, and changes in macromolecular synthesis during entry to and exit from stationary phase

Thorne

Williams

1997

J Bacteriol

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The nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli often has to survive long periods of starvation in the soil, when not in a useful symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants. We report that it can survive carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus starvation for at least 2 months with little loss of viability. Upon carbon starvation, R. leguminosarum cells were found to undergo reductive cell division. During this period, they acquired the potential for long-term starvation-survival, levels of protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis were decreased to base levels, and pool mRNA was stabilized. The starved cells are ready to rapidly restart growth when nutrients become available. Upon addition of fresh nutrients, there is an immediate increase in the levels of macromolecular synthesis, pool mRNA destabilizes, and the cultures enter exponential growth within 5 to 8 h. The starved cells were cross-protected against pH, heat, osmotic, and oxidative shock. These results provide evidence for a general starvation response in R. leguminosarum similar to that previously found in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Vibrio sp.Nongrowth is probably the rule rather than the exception in most natural environments, including soil, with the majority of bacteria spending most of their time in nutrient-limited stationary phase (15,31). Bacteria have evolved a number of mechanisms that allow them to survive under nutrient starvation conditions and to resume growth once nutrients become available again. Some bacteria, such as bacilli, clostridia, and azospirilli, undergo major differentiation programs leading to the formation of highly stress resistant endospores or cysts (3, 32). However, even without the formation of such elaborately differentiated cells, bacteria enter starvation-induced programs that allow them to survive long periods of nongrowth and to restart growth when nutrients become available again. This often leads to the formation of metabolically less active cells that are more resistant to a wide range of environmental stresses (4,15,16,24,28,34). This adaptation to starvation conditions is often accompanied by a change in cell size as well as the induction of genes and the stabilization of proteins that are essential for long-term survival. The best-studied examples of starvation-survival in nondifferentiating bacteria are Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Vibrio sp. strain S14, which show qualitative similarities in their survival responses (4,16,27,29,39).There is little known about the starvation-survival of bacteria indigenous to soil (41). Most carbon in soil is present as recalcitrant compounds, such as humic substances and lignins, that may also complex available compounds (25), and so soil can be considered an oligotrophic environment (45). The resulting low amount of available carbon in soil generally precludes bacterial growth, and it is estimated that soil microbes typically receive sufficient energy for just a few cell divisions per year (7,33). Nutrients may become available local...

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“…Owing to reserves of phosphate, growth can continue but at a slower rate after exhaustion of phosphate from the medium (Wanner & Egli, 1990). Phosphate storage materials can include polyphosphates, RNA or teichoic acids in Grampositive organisms (Mundry & Kuhn, 1991). The occurrence of teichoic acids serving as cell wall polymers has been demonstrated in Streptomyces by Naumova et al (1980).…”

Section: Metabolic Transitions Linked To Nutrient Exhaustionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen source governs the patterns of growth and pristinamycin production in ‘Streptomyces pristinaespiralis’

Voelker¹,

Altaba²

2001

Microbiology

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Phosphate-limited synthetic culture media were designed to investigate the growth and the pristinamycin production of ' Streptomyces pristinaespiralis ' using different nitrogen sources. During balanced growth, either mineral or organic nitrogen sources were readily utilized. However, glutamate and alanine were used as both nitrogen and carbon source, sparing the utilization of the primary carbon source, glucose. Valine was utilized only for its nitrogen and consequently 2-ketoisovalerate was excreted in the medium. Ammonium prevented the utilization of nitrate. Upon phosphate limitation, glycerol, originating from the breakdown of teichoic acids, was released, allowing the recovery of phosphate from the cell wall and the continuation of growth. Under such conditions, ammonium was excreted following the consumption of glutamate and alanine and was later reassimilated after exhaustion of the primary nitrogen source. The mode of utilization of valine prevented the production of pristinamycins due to excretion of 2-ketoisovalerate, one of their direct precursors. For other nitrogen sources, pristinamycin production was controlled by nitrogen catabolic regulation linked to the residual level of ammonium. In the case of nitrate, the negative regulation was alleviated by the absence of ammonium and production then occurred precociously. In the case of amino acids and ammonium, production was delayed until after exhaustion of amino acids and depletion of ammonium.

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Modelling and parameter identification for batch fermentations with Streptomyces tendae under phosphate limitation

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Elemental Composition (C, N, P) and Cell Volume of Exponentially Growing and Nutrient-Limited Bacterioplankton

Elemental Composition (C, N, P) and Cell Volume of Exponentially Growing and Nutrient-Limited Bacterioplankton

Adaptation to nutrient starvation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli: analysis of survival, stress resistance, and changes in macromolecular synthesis during entry to and exit from stationary phase

Nitrogen source governs the patterns of growth and pristinamycin production in ‘Streptomyces pristinaespiralis’

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