Modeling Weed Emergence in Italian Maize Fields

Masin, Roberta; Loddo, Donato; Benvenuti, Stefano; Otto, Stefan; Zanin, Giuseppe

doi:10.1614/ws-d-11-00124.1

Cited by 33 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Since the values of t b estimated in this study for some species were in complete agreement with the values adopted by Masin et al (2012) for the Alertinf model in Italy, the first positive step was achieved to adapt AlertInf to local Gorgan area conditions. This result was not presumable a priori since values of t b for local populations had previously been studied only for a. theophrasti and e. crus-galli (Sadeghloo et al 2013), while for the remaining species the available t b values were determined in other geographical areas such as the US or Europe.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…This awareness induced increasing interest in the development of models that can simulate seedling emergence and the potential benefits, but also challenges, of their adoption were recognised and thoroughly reviewed (Forcella et al 2000;Grundy 2003). Several models have been created for seedling emergence of various weed species in the main crops such as maize (Dorado et al 2009a;Masin et al 2012), soybean Werle et al 2014) or winter cereals (Royo-Esnal et al 2010, 2015García et al 2013;Izquierdo et al 2013). These models are often based on the hydrothermal time concept (Bradford 2002) and require the estimation of biological parameters, base temperature, and base water potential for germination (t b and Y b hereinafter), to simulate seedling emergence according to weather trends.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Base temperatures for germination of selected weed species in Iran

Loddo¹,

Ghaderi–Far²,

Rastegar³

et al. 2018

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Loddo D., Ghaderi-Far F., Rastegar Z., Masin R. (2018): Base temperatures for germination of selected weed species in Iran. Plant Protect. Sci., 54: 60-66.Weed emergence models require the estimation of base temperature for germination (t b ) that was estimated for abutilon theophrasti, echinochloa crus-galli, amaranthus retroflexus, sorghum halepense, amaranthus albus, and amaranthus hybridus in Iran, to calibrate an existing model called AlertInf. Two statistical procedures were adopted: Model 1 -linear regression of germination rate and Model 2 -probit analysis. Model 1 provided lower t b values. abutilon theophrasti and a. hybridus presented lower t b values (about 4 and 8°C), while the remaining species had values above 10°C. Since the estimated values of t b were in agreement with those adopted for the Alertinf model in Italy, the first step was achieved to adapt AlertInf to Iranian conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Base temperatures for germination of selected weed species in Iran

Loddo¹,

Ghaderi–Far²,

Rastegar³

et al. 2018

Plant Prot. Sci.

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“…For example, the reduction of speed of germination at increasing salt levels could suggest a reduced competitive activity of barnyard grass. Moreover, these results could be poten- tially exploited for predicting weed emergence dynamics through modelling, also in crops different from rice (Masin et al, 2010(Masin et al, , 2012. The real consequences in terms of competitions towards the crop should be evaluated also taking into consideration the negative impact that salinity could have also on germination and first growth of the crop itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salinity on Echinochloa crus-galli germination as affected by herbicide resistance

Serra¹,

Fogliatto²,

Vidotto³

2018

Ital J Agronomy

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Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that may affect yield and quality of crops. Salinization, in combination with the presence of aggressive weeds, such as barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.), can be considered one of the factors responsible for reducing yield in rice fields. The aims of the study were to evaluate the salt effect on germination and first seedling growth of six different Italian common barnyard grass (E. crus-galli) populations (three sensitive and three resistant to ALS-inhibitor herbicides) and to verify the presence of differences in salt response between populations sensitive and resistant to the ALS-inhibitor herbicides. Germination tests were conducted under nine different NaCl concentrations (from 0 mM to 400 mM). Significant differences in germination capacity were found between sensitive and resistant populations from 0 mM to 250 mM NaCl; in particular, germination capacity of the sensitive populations was higher (up to 90%) than that of the resistant ones (about 70%). The increase in salinity over 250 mM reduced progressively the germination capacity: from 300 mM onwards, no significant differences were found between sensitive and resistant populations and the germination resulted inhibited for two of them (one sensitive and one resistant). Speed of germination and root and shoot length of seedlings were also inversely related to salt concentration. Time required for achieving 50% of final germination capacity was extended from about three days at 0 mM NaCl up to about 10-12 days at 400 mM NaCl. Root length and shoot length ranged from 9.88 cm and 6.16 cm, at 0 mM NaCl, to 0.36 cm and 0.41 cm, at 400 mM NaCl. According to the results, there is no a clear evidence that response to saline conditions was related to resistance towards ALS-inhibitor herbicides, as in some cases significant differences were found between populations showing a similar herbicide sensitivity. Responses of barnyard grass to salinity are may play a role in the importance of this weed in future scenarios of salt intrusion: for example, a lower speed of germination at increasing salt levels could suggest a delayed emergence of this weed during crop establishment and first growth. To evaluate the real consequences in terms of competitions towards the crop, future studies are needed for assessing the response to salinity of the main rice varieties cultivated in the environment in which the E. crus-galli populations tested in this study were collected.

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“…A obtenção dos parâmetros a campo pode ser determinada de várias formas, como o monitoramento por datalogger (Roman et al, 2000;Masin et al, 2012Masin et al, , 2014, estações meteorológicas (Roman et al, 2000;Spokas e Forcella, 2009;Werle et al, 2014a) e por informações de satélites. Entretanto, a maneira de obtenção de cada parâmetro necessita processos de correlações e calibração.…”

Section: Modelos Empíricos E Mecanicistasunclassified

Modelagem matemática do fluxo de emergência de plantas daninhas: ferramenta para decisão no manejo de cultivos

2018

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Resumo -O surgimento de biótipos de plantas daninhas resistentes a herbicida e o aumento da pressão social para reduzir sua utilização, criou a necessidade de desenvolver ferramentas para aperfeiçoar a aplicação de herbicidas e melhorar o controle de plantas daninhas. Desta forma, o desenvolvimento de modelos de emergência de plantas daninhas tornou-se crucial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de gerenciamento em áreas agrícolas. Esta revisão tem por objetivo apresentar os fatores que influenciam o fluxo de emergência de plantas daninhas, os principais modelos utilizados, os procedimentos da modelagem e os impactos práticos de sua utilização no manejo. O fluxo de emergência das plantas daninhas correlaciona-se diretamente com padrões de resposta das sementes à interferência dos fatores ambientais e práticas culturais. Os modelos de emergência empíricos e mecanicistas desenvolvidos permitem prever a emergência de plantas daninhas em diferentes anos e regiões geográficas, baseados em condições climáticas e ecofisiológicas. Os modelos mecanicistas são mais complexos e permitem a melhor compreensão sobre a emergência de plantas daninhas, enquanto modelos empíricos apresentam a simplicidade e a flexibilidade necessária para a tomada de decisão de controle. O conhecimento do fluxo de emergência de plantas daninhas permite desenvolver estratégias de manejo que proporcionam maior habilidade competitiva à cultura e, em decorrência, menores perdas de produtividade; bem como a seleção de medidas de controle que diminuam a utilização de herbicidas, a contaminação ambiental e aprimorem as tecnologias utilizadas na agricultura. Palavras-chave: modelo empírico, gerenciamento, tempo hidrotérmico Abstract -The appearance of weed biotypes resistant to herbicides and the increase in social pressure to reduce its use, created the need to develop tools to refine herbicides application and improve weed control. In this way, the development of weed emergence models has become crucial for the development of management strategies in agricultural areas. The objective of this review is to show the factors that influence the emergence flow and the main models used to predict weed emergence, the procedures of modeling and the practical impacts of their use for weed management. The emergence flow of weeds correlates directly with seed response patterns to the interference of environmental factors and cultural practices. The developed empirical and mechanistic emergence models allow predict weeds emergence in different years and geographic regions, based on climatic and ecophysiological conditions. However, mechanistic models are more complex and allow better

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Modeling Weed Emergence in Italian Maize Fields

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Base temperatures for germination of selected weed species in Iran

Base temperatures for germination of selected weed species in Iran

Effect of salinity on Echinochloa crus-galli germination as affected by herbicide resistance

Modelagem matemática do fluxo de emergência de plantas daninhas: ferramenta para decisão no manejo de cultivos

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