Modeling the potential risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea prevalence in Egypt using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses

Selim, Abdelfattah; Elhaig, Mahmoud M.; Moawed, Sherif A.; El-Nahas, E. M.

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2018.259-267

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The true prevalence of BVDV at the animal-level observed in this study (36%) was higher compared to studies carried out in cattle populations of Ecuador (27.0%) [18], Ethiopia (32.6%) [19], and Malaysia (33.2%) [20], but lower than the BVDV prevalence observed in cattle of Egypt (40%) [21] and Bangladesh (51.1%) [22]. In Colombia, the first outbreak of BVD was reported in 1987, which was associated with the import of a group of heifers from the Netherlands in 1975 [5,11].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in Colombian cattle

Ortega

Sarmiento

Tobón³

et al. 2020

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is present in most cattle-raising countries around the world, and it has a negative economic impact in cattle herds. In Colombia, previous studies have estimated the prevalence of BVDV in specific locations. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BVDV in cattle herds located at several municipalities across the country and to identify the associated risk and protective factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of BVDV in Colombian cattle populations at farm and animal-levels. A total of 387 herds and 8110 animals located in seven different departments were included in this study. Results: An animal- and farm-level prevalence of 36% and 69%, respectively, were estimated. A high variation for the farm-level prevalence was found among the municipalities studied. Moreover, seropositive cattle to the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (odds ratio (OR)=2.38, p=0.0479) and Neospora caninum (OR=3.15, p=0.0122) were more likely to be seropositive for BVDV, while the practice of burning dead animals at the farm was identified as a protective factor (OR=0.17, p=0.014). Conclusion: The prevalence of BVDV varied more at farm-level compared to animal-level. Two risk factors and one protective factor were identified. The results of the current study are essential to understand the epidemiology of BVDV in Colombia, and to formulate strategies in the region to mitigate the impact of this virus on the productive and reproductive indicators of cattle farms at the regional level.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in Colombian cattle

Ortega

Sarmiento

Tobón³

et al. 2020

Vet World

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“…On the other hand, the present nding was lower than the nding reported by [25], [24] and [26] with seroprevalence of 32.6%, 32.9% and 51.9%, respectively in dairy cattle in Ethiopian. The present nding also disagrees with reported seroprevalence of 19.8% in Kenya, 27% in Ecuador, 36% in Colombia, and 40% in Egypt by [35], [36], [37] and [38] respectively in different parts of the world. However, the present nding was higher prevalence compare to the prevalence of 2.2% and 7.76% reported by [39] and [40] in Nepal, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) and Its Associated Risk Factors in Dairy Cattle in and Around Assela Town, South East Ethiopia

Asnake¹,

Lemma²,

Tesfaye³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most economically important diseases of cattle population worldwide and caused by Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). A cross-sectional study was conducted from October, 2019 to April, 2020 to investigate the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infection. in and around Asella town, Ethiopia. Semi structured questionnaire survey was designed to assess the different variables related to herd managements through personal interview of the farmers. Serum samples were collected from a total of 45 non-vaccinated cattle herds (225 individual cattle) during the study period. Samples were examined for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antibodies using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) kit (ID Screen® BVD p80 Antibody) following the manufacturers protocol. Chi-square analysis and multivariable logistic regression model were used to identify risk factors for BVDV seropositivity. Results: In the present study, 8.4% (95% CI: 5.2-12.9) and 22.2% (95% CI: 11.2-37.1) seroprevalence of BVDV antibody was observed at individual and herds level, respectively. Among the animal and management risk factors observed in multiple logistic regression analysis, higher seroprevalence of was observed in cows with history of abortion 53.8% (95% CI: 25.1-80.8%), cattle reared in semi intensive farming system 28.3% (95% CI: 16.0-43.5) (P<0.05). In this study, abortion (adjusted OR: 30.5, P<0.05), repeated breeder (adjusted OR: 6.95, P<0.05) and intensive farming systems (adjusted OR: 0.13, P<0.05) were identified as potential variables for the seroprevalence of BVDV. Conclusion: The study revealed immense exposure of cattle in and around Asella town to BVDV infection that varied with reproductive problem and farming system of the animals. Further studies will be required to elucidate the molecular epidemiology of BVDV infection in cattle and other livestock species in the study area.

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“…Finally, BVDV exposure was present in 7.7% of cattle and no buffalo samples, suggesting that cattle are more susceptible to infection than buffalo [59, 60]. The number of females > 6 months of age was used as an indicator of farm size and increased significantly with the probability of herds being BVDV seropositive (Table 9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for Neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, and Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo infection in smallholder cattle and buffalo in Lao PDR

et al. 2019

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Smallholder large ruminant production in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos) is characterised by low reproductive efficiency. To determine if common abortifacient bovid infectious diseases are involved, a serological investigation was conducted. Sera was collected from stored and fresh cattle ( n = 390) and buffalo ( n = 130) samples from 2016–18 from, and then examined for associations in a retrospective risk factor study of 71 herds. The sera were assayed for antibodies to Neospora caninum , bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo and Brucella abortus using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. These pathogens were detected in buffalo samples at 78.5% (95% CI 71.4–85.6), 0%, 2.3% (95% CI 0–4.9) and 0%, respectively, and in cattle at 4.4% (95% CI 2.4–6.4), 7.7% (95% CI 3.1–12.3), 12.8% (95% CI 9.5–16.1) and 0.26% (95% CI 0–0.8), respectively. Exposure of buffalo to N . caninum was positively associated with buffalo age, with a predicted seropositivity at birth of 52.8%, increasing to 97.2% by 12 years of age ( p = 0.037). Exposure of cattle to L . interrogans serovar Hardjo was more prevalent in females compared to males, was associated with higher titres of BVDV, and was more prevalent in the wet season compared to the dry season. Exposure of cattle to BVDV was more prevalent in males compared to females, the wet and dry seasons were comparable, and was associated with rising antibody titres against N . caninum and L . interrogans serovar Hardjo. The risk factor survey identified that the probability of herds being N . caninum positive increased with farmer age, if farmers believed there were rodents on farm, and if farmers weren’t aware that canids or rodents could contaminate bovid feed on their farm. The probability of a herd being positive to L . interrogans serovar Hardjo increased on farms where multiple cows shared the same bull, where farmers had lower husbandry knowledge, and on farms that used water troughs. The probability of a herd being BVDV seropositive increased with increasing herd size and increasing titres to N . caninum . The benchmarking of bovid exposure to emerging abortifacient pathogens and identification of their risk factors potentially informs disease prevention strategies, supporting efforts to establish a biosecure beef supply for enhanced smallholder livestock productivity, public health and food security in Laos and surrounding countries.

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Modeling the potential risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea prevalence in Egypt using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses

Cited by 33 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in Colombian cattle

Prevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in Colombian cattle

Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) and Its Associated Risk Factors in Dairy Cattle in and Around Assela Town, South East Ethiopia

Risk factors for Neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, and Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo infection in smallholder cattle and buffalo in Lao PDR

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