Modeling the Hydrologic Performance and Cost-Effectiveness of LID in a Residential Park Area Using a Decentralized Design Approach

Abstract

Low Impact Development (LID) is one of the current research interests toward green infrastructures and urban flood control that have the capability to return developed watersheds to pre-development hydrological conditions, bringing numerous water quantity and quality benefits, while being cheaper than their traditional counterparts. However, there is a current research gap about LIDs within tropical regions. This study aims to evaluate the cost efficiency of LID scenarios in varying surface areas through a cost-effectiveness (C/E) analysis and to assess flow reduction and infiltration improvement of the cost-effective LID scenarios using US EPA Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) in a tropical residential catchment receiving an annual rainfall of 1780.5 mm (70.1″), under a Type 1 Philippine Climate. Results have shown that the Weibull plotting position generated the largest rainfall amounts. A total of 2112 manually simulated LID scenarios were modeled to obtain the cost-effective or optimal LID scenarios, where they can generate a maximum of 38.67% flow reduction and 29.73% peak flow reduction, all observed in the multiple LID scenarios. At high rainfall amounts, the multiple LID scenarios can also peak at a 1113% increase in total infiltration in the given sub-catchments. Determining the target capture goal, applicable LID types, and cost estimations from a pilot project are vital components in the future application of LIDs in these regions.

Continuous Quantity and Quality Modeling for Assessing the Effect of SUDS: Application on a Conceptual Urban Drainage Basin

“…In order to graphically summarize the performances (reduction percentages) found for the different metrics in the seven typologies, Table 8 presents a summary of the values found. The analysis for the total runoff volume reductions (10%-30%) identified similar performances for the RG, BC, and PP as those reported in previous studies (Arjenaki et al 2021;Garbanzos and Maniquiz-Redillas 2022;Jato-Espino et al 2016;Bai et al 2018), but somewhat limited for the rest of the typologies (< 5%). At the same time, the decrease in pollutant (TSS, NT, and TP) loads was high for all the typologies (> 90%).…”

“…Although the previous, and some other case studies have successfully implemented and validated SUDS urban models (e.g., Kong et al 2017;Maftuhah et al 2018;Rujner et al 2018;Garbanzos and Maniquiz-Redillas 2022;Arjenaki et al 2021;Ma et al 2022), there are still gaps regarding modeling technicalities and aspects that have not been addressed so far, such as trains modeling, continuous-long term modeling, effect of temporal and spatial scale, or performance of different typologies. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of systematically studying the sensitivity of the models to specific SUDS design parameters.…”

Development of Rainfall-Runoff Models for Sustainable Stormwater Management in Urbanized Catchments

“…Several studies have confirmed that LIDs (Sustainable Drainage Systems, SUDs) have a positive impact on the hydrological and hydraulic load of traditional urban drainage systems; however, the biggest reduction was achieved in cases of small, relatively frequent rainfall events and more pervious soil types [199][200][201][202][203][204]. In case of extreme rainfall events, such a reduction in flow (water volume) is very limited and sensitive to local conditions.…”

Assessing the Flow Reduction of Low Impact Development Controls in a Residential Setting

“…This study used the Weibull plotting position, a probability distribution function to fit distributions in hydrology (Murugappan, Sivaprakasam & Mohan, 2017;Adeboye & Alatise, 2007), to obtain the 90 th percentile of the collected rainfall for simulations. This 90 th percentile of total rainfall was selected as it has been the standard for many LID manuals (EPA, 2009; Ministry of the Environment & Climate Change, 2016) and some studies This journal is ⓒ Academic Society for Appropriate Technology 2022 (Frias & Maniquiz-Redillas, 2021;Garbanzos & Maniquiz-Redillas, 2022) for rainfall estimation in design. Equation (1) shows the Weibull distribution method formula.…”

“…The Weibull distribution method performed showed that the 90 th percentile of the 40-year historical rainfall was approximately 16.64 mm. This was then distributed over 24 hours using the triangle method as used by Frias & Maniquiz-Redillas (2021) and Garbanzos & Maniquiz-Redillas (2022) and was utilized as the sole rainfall scenario for all simulations.…”