Modeling single-mode lasers and standard single-mode fibers using a hardware description language

An InGaAs P-i-N Photodiode Model: Description and Implementations in the Analysis of the 1.55 mm Lightwave System

“…Accuracy of the approximation depends also on the sampling rate T s and the number of samples n f taken from the fiber pulse response. Discussion concerning the determination of the optimal values of n f and T s can be found elsewhere [16,17,20]. In our analysis, the fiber pulse response is approximated with n f = 1000 samples taken with the sampling rate T s = 1 ps, which should provide satisfying accuracy of the calculation and be in agreement with the analysis from the literature.…”

“…The laser diode behaviour is described with the equations (l)-(3). Similarly to [16], we take into account the bit shape in the input signal and the laser diode parasitics.…”

“…To investigate this option, we modify the model [16] for the 10 Gbit/s IM/DD lightwave system (pulsewidth Τ = 100 ps) that is described in [13] by introducing the P-i-N photodiode at the receiver side instead of an ideal square-law detector. Under these assumptions, the IM/DD system has the structure like in Fig.…”

“…The laser diode is modeled using the spatially averaged rate equations that can be found in a similar form elsewhere in the literature [1,2,16]:…”

“…Comparing to the Fourier transform implementation (e.g. the calculation of the optical fiber output response in [14]), the calculation in the time domain does not require the complete knowledge of the input signal, which makes this approach useful for the behaviour study or circuit modeling of the lightwave systems [16,17].…”