Modeling Patterns of Polyvictimization and Their Associations with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Israeli Population

Abstract

Although evidence is accumulating for the conceptual validity of the ICD-11 proposal for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD), our understanding of the specificity of trauma-related predictors is still evolving. Specifically, studies utilizing advanced statistical methods to model the association between trauma exposure and ICD-11 proposals of traumatic stress and differences in profiles of trauma exposure are lacking. Additionally, time since trauma and a clear memory of the trauma are yet to be examined as predictors of PTSD and CPTSD. We analyzed trauma exposure as reported by a general population sample of Israeli adults (N = 834), using latent class analysis, and the resultant classes were used in regression models to predict PTSD and CPTSD operationalized both dimensionally and categorically. Four distinct groups were identified: child and adult interpersonal victimization, community victimization-male, community victimization-female, and adult victimization. These groups were differentially related to PTSD and CPTSD, with only child and adult interpersonal victimization consistently predicting CPTSD and disturbances in self-organization. When modeled dimensionally, PTSD was associated with the child and adult interpersonal victimization and adult victimization groups, whereas only the child and adult interpersonal victimization group was predictive of PTSD when operationalized categorically. The roles of time since trauma and a clear memory of the trauma differed across PTSD and CPTSD. These findings support the use of trauma typologies for predicting PTSD and CPTSD and provide important insight into the distribution of trauma exposure in the Israeli population.

Lifetime trauma exposure profiles and alcohol use over time among U.S. Reserve and National Guard soldiers

“…The present results allow for a more comprehensive exploration of how PTEs across the life course may relate to differential alcohol use outcomes. The findings are consistent with research on multiple trauma types in that interpersonal PTEs (e.g., IPV) appeared to be related to more adverse outcomes (Vang et al., 2019), in this case, problematic alcohol use, compared to situational PTEs (e.g., combat exposure, natural disasters). The profiles characterized in these analyses offer a clearer picture of potential clinical relevance and interpretability than in prior work, indicating clear clustering of PTEs across defined exposure types and relevance to risky and potentially clinically significant alcohol use.…”

The effect of complex posttraumatic stress and poverty on quality of life among adult survivors of childhood institutional maltreatment: evidence from survivors of the ‘Hyeongje Welfare Institution’ in South Korea

“…This additional trauma exposure after escape was also associated with current CPTSD symptoms, which is consistent with a recent report indicating that childhood abuse histories are related to further revictimization and that PTSD symptoms of revictimization are associated with childhood abuse (Gama et al, 2021 ). This is also supported by Vang et al ( 2019 ), who reported that being poly-victimized with both childhood and adulthood interpersonal trauma increases the risk for CPTSD.…”

Perinatal (Re)experiencing of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms for Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: An Integrative Review

“…Future research should include CSA survivors with psychopathology to reveal which aspects during the perinatal period may be associated with prolonged distress in clinical populations. Investigating confounding variables, such as multiple child maltreatment exposures 43,44 should also be addressed in future research. Finally, researchers must be mindful of the researcher-participant relationship to prevent (re)traumatization when studying this vulnerable population.…”