Modeling paraxial wave propagation in free-electron laser oscillators

Karssenberg, J.G.; Slot, Petrus J.M. van der; Volokhine, I.; Verschuur, Jeroen W.J.; Boller, Klaus-J.

doi:10.1063/1.2363253

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…high energy x-ray) undulator and produces x-ray photons at energies of 3.05 keV in the fundamental and 9.15 keV at the 3rd harmonic. Simulations are conducted using the MINERVA simulation code [31,32] for the undulator interaction and the optics propagation code (OPC) to describe the propagation of the x-rays through the resonator [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

2019

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X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) rely on SASE due to the lack of seed lasers and the difficulty in obtaining mirrors. Progress in diamond crystal Bragg mirrors enables the design of x-ray FEL oscillators. Regenerative amplifiers (RAFELs) are high gain/low-Q oscillators that out-couple most of the optical power. An x-ray RAFEL based on the LCLS-II at SLAC using a six-mirror resonator outcoupling 90% or more through a pinhole in the first downstream mirror is analyzed using the MINERVA simulation in the undulator and OPC for the resonator. Results show substantial powers at the fundamental (3.05 keV) and 3rd harmonic (9.15 keV).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

2019

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“…For convenience, we refer to the formulation and simulation code as MINERVA. It is important to remark that the use of the full Newton-Lorentz orbit analysis allows MINERVA to treat self-consistently both the entry/exit taper regions of undulators, and the generation of harmonics of the fundamental resonance.In order to apply the formulation to the simulation of FEL oscillators, an interface has been written between MINERVA and the optical propagation code OPC [8, 9]. Oscillator simulations proceed by tracking the output optical pulse from the undulator as simulated by MINERVA, through the resonator and back to the undulator entrance using OPC, after which the optical field is then imported into MINERVA for another pass through the undulator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to apply the formulation to the simulation of FEL oscillators, an interface has been written between MINERVA and the optical propagation code OPC [8, 9]. Oscillator simulations proceed by tracking the output optical pulse from the undulator as simulated by MINERVA, through the resonator and back to the undulator entrance using OPC, after which the optical field is then imported into MINERVA for another pass through the undulator.…”

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confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional, time-dependent simulation of free-electron lasers with planar, helical, and elliptical undulators

et al. 2017

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Free-electron lasers (FELs) have been built ranging in wavelength from long-wavelength oscillators using partial wave guiding through ultraviolet through hard x-ray that are either seeded or start from noise. In addition, FELs that produce different polarizations of the output radiation ranging from linear through elliptic to circular polarization are currently under study. In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional, time-dependent formulation that is capable of modeling this large variety of FEL configurations including different polarizations. We employ a modal expansion for the optical field, i.e., a Gaussian expansion with variable polarization for free-space propagation. This formulation uses the full Newton-Lorentz force equations to track the particles through the optical and magnetostatic fields. As a result, arbitrary three-dimensional representations for different undulator configurations are implemented, including planar, helical, and elliptical undulators. In particular, we present an analytic model of an APPLE-II undulator to treat arbitrary elliptical polarizations, which is used to treat general elliptical polarizations. To model oscillator configurations, and allow propagation of the optical field outside the undulator and interact with optical elements, we link the FEL simulation with the optical propagation code OPC. We present simulations using the APPLE-II undulator model to produce elliptically polarized output radiation, and present a detailed comparison with recent experiments using a tapered undulator configuration at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Validation of the nonlinear formation is also shown by comparison with experimental results obtained in the Sorgente Pulsata Auto-amplificata di Radiazione Coerente SASE FEL experiment at ENEA Frascati, a seeded tapered amplifier experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the 10 kW upgrade oscillator experiment at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. dimensional simulation of elliptically polarized radiation from a FEL. Particle dynamics are treated using the full Newton-Lorentz force equations to track the particles through the optical and magnetostatic fields. The optical field is described by a superposition of Gaussian modes, and the formulation tracks the particles and fields as they propagate along the undulator line from the start-up through the (linear) exponential growth regime and into the nonlinear post-saturation state. The formulation includes three-dimensional descriptions of linearly polarized, helically polarized, and elliptically polarized undulators including the fringing fields associated with the entry/exit transition regions. Additional magnetostatic field models for quadrupoles and dipoles are also included. For convenience, we refer to the formulation and simulation code as MINERVA. It is important to remark that the use of the full Newton-Lorentz orbit analysis allows MINERVA to treat self-consistently both the entry/exit taper regions of undulators, and the generation of harmonics of the fundam...

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“…The FEL oscillator simulations are normally carried out by combination of 3D FEL codes GENESIS [32] and OPC. As demonstrated in [33,34,35], these codes are efficient for long wavelength FEL oscillator simulations like ultraviolet or infrared light. However, for XFELO which includes the interaction between X-ray pulse and crystal, some extensions to the classical methods are needed.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Effect Of Bragg Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic design and three-dimensional simulation of X-ray FEL oscillator for Shanghai Coherent Light Facility

Deng

2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Shanghai Coherent Light Facility (SCLF) is a quasi-CW hard X-ray free electron laser user facility which is recently proposed. Due to the high repetition rate, high quality electron beams, it is straightforward to consider an X-ray free electron laser oscillator (XFELO) operation for SCLF. The main processes for XFELO design, and parameters optimization of the undulator, X-ray cavity and electron beam are described. The first three-dimensional X-ray crystal Bragg diffraction code, named BRIGHT is built, which collaborates closely with GENESIS and OPC for numerical simulations of XFELO. The XFELO performances of SCLF is investigated and optimized by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.

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Modeling paraxial wave propagation in free-electron laser oscillators

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

Three-dimensional, time-dependent simulation of free-electron lasers with planar, helical, and elliptical undulators

Systematic design and three-dimensional simulation of X-ray FEL oscillator for Shanghai Coherent Light Facility

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