Modeling of Viral Aerosol Transmission and Detection

Khalid, Maryam; Amin, Osama; Ahmed, Sajid; Shihada, Basem; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim

doi:10.36227/techrxiv.12249257

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Khalid et al [ 143 ] explained the disease spread mechanism via aerosols in the atmosphere with the help of molecular communication and is much relevant in context of Coronavirus disease breakout. They presented a complete system model and derive an end-to-end mathematical model for the transmission channel under certain constraints and boundary conditions.…”

Section: Mathematical Models That Simulate the Role Of Aerosols In Transmission Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Merits and Limitations of Mathematical Modeling and Computational Simulations in Mitigation of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review

Afzal

Saleel

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2021

Arch Computat Methods Eng

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Mathematical models have assisted in describing the transmission and propagation dynamics of various viral diseases like MERS, measles, SARS, and Influenza; while the advanced computational technique is utilized in the epidemiology of viral diseases to examine and estimate the influences of interventions and vaccinations. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 as a global pandemic and the rate of morbidity and mortality triggers unprecedented public health crises throughout the world. The mathematical models can assist in improving the interventions, key transmission parameters, public health agencies, and countermeasures to mitigate this pandemic. Besides, the mathematical models were also used to examine the characteristics of epidemiological and the understanding of the complex transmission mechanism. Our literature study found that there were still some challenges in mathematical modeling for the case of ecology, genetics, microbiology, and pathology pose; also, some aspects like political and societal issues and cultural and ethical standards are hard to be characterized. Here, the recent mathematical models about COVID-19 and their prominent features, applications, limitations, and future perspective are discussed and reviewed. This review can assist in further improvement of mathematical models that will consider the current challenges of viral diseases.

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Section: Mathematical Models That Simulate the Role Of Aerosols In Transmission Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Merits and Limitations of Mathematical Modeling and Computational Simulations in Mitigation of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review

Afzal

Saleel

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2021

Arch Computat Methods Eng

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“…1, where the infected/uninfected human is treated as the transmitter, and the breath, cough, and sneeze processes can emit virus into the air (channel) through the aerosol transmission mechanism. A specific receiver with viral detection capability is placed within a certain distance to decide whether the source has the infection or not based on the received signal [2]. Alternatively, the lower part of Fig.…”

Section: System Model and Signal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…carrier propagation thanks to the Brownian motion. During the coronavirus disease pandemic, MC has been recognized as a potential model for the viral aerosol transmission and detection process [2], providing a deeper understanding of the virus study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal Detection for Molecular Communication: Model-Based vs. Data-Driven Methods

Huang

Wei

et al. 2021

IEEE Commun. Mag.

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Multi-scale molecular communication (MC) employs the characteristics of information molecules for information exchange. The received signal in MC inevitably encounters severe inter-symbol interference and signal-dependent noise due to the stochastic diffusion mechanism. Focusing on the critical signal detection in MC, first this article reviews the commonly used model-based detectors, and exposes their limitations in practical implementation. Then, the emerging data-driven detectors that can make up for some deficiencies of the model-based detectors are presented. Despite the black-box nature of the data-driven detectors, the explainable artificial intelligence can be further investigated for the performance improvement of transparency and trust. I. INTRODUCTION Molecular communication (MC) is an emerging multi-scale communication paradigm that conveys messages via the patterns of molecules [1]. MC has been regarded as an alternative for conventional communication techniques in virtue of its unique transmission mechanism.For the nano-scale and micro-scale channels in vivo, the implementation of the conventional communication techniques is hindered for the following reasons. The electromagnetic (EM) wave based wireless communication has its constraint in wave generation. As the wavelength in operation is proportional to the antenna size, nanomachine requires the Tera-hertz band for communications, which is, however, still in its research infancy, let alone the micro-scale implementation. Besides, optical communication is not an appropriate choice due to complex cell/tissue obstacles in the channel. Finally, acoustic communication has an energy issue on such an extremely tiny scale. In addition to the implementation restrictions, the bio-compatibility issue of the above schemes has not been verified in the open literature. As for the macro-scale channels, the EM wave based communication has the propagation problem in metal and aqueous environments. Inspired by the biological systems, MC can remedy the flaws in the existing communication systems. For micro-scale channels, MC via diffusion (MCvD) is an energy-efficient signal transmission mechanism that uses information molecules from the communication environments, and no extra energy is required for the

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“…First foundations of aerosol transmission from a communications point of view have recently been established in [35], [36]. In [35], a general concept is proposed and the duality between MC and aerosol transmission is highlighted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duality Between Coronavirus Transmission and Air-Based Macroscopic Molecular Communication

Schurwanz

Hoeher

Bhattacharjee

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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This contribution exploits the duality between a viral infection process and macroscopic air-based molecular communication. Airborne aerosol and droplet transmission through human respiratory processes is modeled as an instance of a multiuser molecular communication scenario employing respiratory-event-driven molecular variable-concentration shift keying. Modeling is aided by experiments that are motivated by a macroscopic air-based molecular communication testbed. In artificially induced coughs, a saturated aqueous solution containing a fluorescent dye mixed with saliva is released by an adult test person. The emitted particles are made visible by means of optical detection exploiting the fluorescent dye. The number of particles recorded is significantly higher in test series without mouth and nose protection than in those with a well-fitting medical mask. A simulation tool for macroscopic molecular communication processes is extended and used for estimating the transmission of infectious aerosols in different environments. Towards this goal, parameters obtained through self experiments are taken. The work is inspired by the recent outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic.

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Modeling of Viral Aerosol Transmission and Detection

Abstract: PDF file

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Merits and Limitations of Mathematical Modeling and Computational Simulations in Mitigation of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review

Merits and Limitations of Mathematical Modeling and Computational Simulations in Mitigation of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review

Signal Detection for Molecular Communication: Model-Based vs. Data-Driven Methods

Duality Between Coronavirus Transmission and Air-Based Macroscopic Molecular Communication

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