Modeling of the transport phenomena in GMAW using argon–helium mixtures. Part I – The arc

Numerical investigation of weld pool behaviors and ripple formation for a moving GTA welding under pulsed currents

“…According to the assumptions given by Eqs. (8), (10) and (17), the previous simulated results for the arc [31,34] are extracted and transformed in Gaussian distributions with arc power distribution factor of 1. The corresponding arc heat flux distribution parameter, the arc current distribution parameter and the arc pressure distribution parameter for different currents are listed in Table 2.…”

“…In the welding process, these parameters are usually different and, hence, the arc power distribution factor in the Gaussian form is not a constant [28,29]. According to the experimental and numerical results from Traidia and Roger [23], Lin and Eagar [30] and our previous study [31], it can be reasonably assumed to be 1 in this study. The heat loss due to convection, radiation, and evaporation can be written as…”

Fabrication and Tribological Functions of Microdent Arrays on Ti–6Al–4V Surface by Laser Shock Peening

“…The effect of process parameters on welding aluminum sheets was reported by Kore et al [16], who showed that for a given discharge energy the shear strength of the welds reached the maximum value at an optimum coil standoff distance, and the geometry of the coil also has im portant effect on the product strength. On welding Al to Cu, Marya et al [17] and Marya and Marya [18] studied the microstructures and temperatures at the aluminum-copper interface, and the results showed that a hard copper rich intermetallic phase with the same composition as the equilibrium y-Cu2Al was formed. These, along with the observed interfacial voids, were used as the evidences of Al melting, and a simple analytical model was used for estimating the interfacial temperatures that provided further support for interface melting.…”

“…While MPW has been commonly viewed by majority of the papers as a solid-state welding process, which is mainly based on observations that no heat affected zone exists, several relatively recent papers used more advanced techniques on analyzing interface microstructure and chemistry, and on ther mal analysis that suggested the possibility of interface melting, see previously mentioned works [17,18,20]. While MPW has been commonly viewed by majority of the papers as a solid-state welding process, which is mainly based on observations that no heat affected zone exists, several relatively recent papers used more advanced techniques on analyzing interface microstructure and chemistry, and on ther mal analysis that suggested the possibility of interface melting, see previously mentioned works [17,18,20].…”

Development of a Comprehensive Process Model for Hybrid Laser-Arc Welding

“…Up to now, numerical work on the welding process mostly concentrates on traditional electric arc welding, including gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) [7 -9], submerged arc welding (SAW) [10,11], gas metal arc welding (GMAW) [12][13][14][15][16], and partly on laser beam welding (LBW) [17][18][19][20][21]. These studies focused on the heat and mass transfer phenomena in the weld pool [8,[11][12][13][14][15], thermal-induced distortion and residual stresses [16,17,19,20], solidification-induced dendrite growth in the FZ [21], and recrystallization in the heat affected zone (HAZ) [9]. Due to the locally rapid melting and solidification occurring in the welding process, a high temperature gradient-which inevitably exists in the weld zone-causes a high-stress concentration in the weld zone and nearby HAZ [22], which usually exceeds the yield strength of the material.…”